Albert Carr, Milton Friedman and Immanuel Kant - 970 Words

Ethics is related to an individuals principled judgments about right and wrong. The decision that is made by the individual will influence the business environment ethical circumstance. Therefore, every decision that is made by the employees must use their moral judgment to decide what they think is the right actions to behave. Wherein this action may possibly involve rejecting the primary focus of the company, which is to maximizing the profit. In addition, Albert Carr, Milton Friedman, and Immanuel Kant did a good job of explicating about a theory of business ethics. However, what theories are appropriate and whose behaviors become the standard ethics? Albert Carr, who wrote â€Å" Is Business Bluffing Ethical?†, believes that bluffing is a natural way of business. He argues that when people are in business, they should follow a different moral code than they would in ordinary circumstances. In his perspective lying is acceptable if it can bring benefit and profit into the business. As he indicated â€Å"most bluffing in the business might be regarded simply as game strategy†(p.136). In fact, achievements are considered as a good action even though they may violate ethical norms in the society. In that case, Carr’s theory gives people the impression that it is okay to bluff or lie if that actions can bring a high profit to the business. Moreover, Carr believes that being perfectly honest in business atmosphere would be harmful to its success.. He demonstrates his point of

Reflection Paper On Depression - 1207 Words

Reflection #3: Depression Depression is a category of mental illness that most often appears during the late teens. Often, a psychiatrist or psychologist is necessary to diagnose a person with depression. This is often done using the DSM V. According to this reference, depression is characterized by feelings of sadness and feelings of emptiness, which often leads to a myriad of physical problems. Physical symptoms of depression include unintentional weight loss or gain, sleeping too much or too little, and loss of energy (What is Depression). One’s emotional state has a large effect on the body, many of which can be observed in the physiological symptoms of depression. Without the want to function, individuals suffering from this illness†¦show more content†¦Suicide is the 9th leading cause of death for Floridians, and is the 3rd leading cause of death for Floridians ages 15-24 (Florida Vital Statistics Reports). Unfortunately, depression is the main clinical cause of suicide, with almost 30% of these individuals showing signs of depression during the months preceding their death. To improve these devastating statistics, Florida has implemented a statewide suicide prevention strategy. The program’s major goals are to decrease the incidence of suicide in Florida by raising awareness, promoting open discussion about depression and suicidal talks, and expand accessibility to substance abuse and mental health treatment (Florida Suicide Prevention Project). My hopes are that Florida will be able to improve statewide access to mental health resources, especially for teenagers and young adults who make up much of suicide rates. Furthermore, it has been found that socioeconomic status is a major social determinant of health. Those at a lower socioeconomic status are more likely to present with the symptoms of depression. This may be in part due to the added daily stress experienced by someone of a lower class in comparison to upper class individuals, as explained by the social causation hypothesis. Individuals from lower economic status often must worry about how to provide food for their family, how they are going to pay the bills, and have very little time to worry about their health, especially mental healthShow MoreRelatedReflection Paper On The Depression Disorder763 Words   |  4 PagesJohn, today is your fifth session. You came for therapy because you were feeling down and depressed for about six months. You mentioned that, your son’s illness is the reason that you feel down. We did assessment for depression and found out you have MDD or Major Depression Disorder. We talked about different wa ys that exist to help you to go through your issue. We have planed to start to work on your goals,but, because you canceled your session twice, we are behind our schedule. Yes, I canceledRead MoreThe Issue Of Self Understanding Of Ourselves From Walker Percy s Lost1545 Words   |  7 PagesSome deeper understanding of ourselves is possible, though only at the moments prior to our deaths. Throughout this paper, I will primarily focus on the implications with attempting to understand one’s self. In the opening portion of this paper, I will discuss and explain problems of two separate chapters that pose particular difficulties for us to understand ourselves from Walker Percy’s Lost in the Cosmos. This will then lead me to my next section, where I will reflect on self-understanding andRead MoreJournal Article Review Essay1609 Words   |  7 Pagesto negative psychological outcomes, including depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, posttraumatic stress disorder, learned helplessness, and resentment of the abuser that persists even when the abuse ends. There have not been designated therapies designed to help these women. Gayle L. Reed and Robe rt D. Enright (2006) examine the roles forgiveness therapy has on emotionally abused women in the article The Effects of Forgiveness Therapy on Depression, Anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress for Women AfterRead MoreReflection Paper : Reflections And My Mental State Of A Man Who Has Not Gone Through My Life1468 Words   |  6 PagesReflections 8/6 From what I read, I am supposedly going to become a better person by following the guide of a man who has not gone through my life and has not borne witness to my suffering. I know that considering my background and my mental state that reading this book will only make me angry for it seems to be a mockery of myself, a teen. I am nothing like a ‘teen’ I have matured much faster than I should have and have never been in trouble or done anything that requires me to ‘straighten up.’Read MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper : Development Of The Writing Motif951 Words   |  4 PagesMother searches for herself to escape the oppression of her husband, while she battles chronic depression. Because in the 1800s doctors did not understand how a woman could become depressed after bringing life into the world, The Mother is thrown into solitary confinement and treated as a crazy woman and child. However through writing, The Mother is able to escape her tragic realities, along with her depression and civil barriers of being a mother and wife. Gilman paints a story embedded with a writingRead MoreDiversity Is The Human Race886 Words   |  4 PagesDIVERSITY PAPER Gay. Straight. Black. White. Male. Female. Wealthy. Poor. Modern society has systematically sorted the human race into collections and communities of descriptive factors. Deeply embedded within a systematical labeling system, diversity has fell victim to the harmful segregation and prejudice of the past. Diversity is not about the inferior nor the morally corrupt. Diversity is not the hallow substance of labels. Diversity is culture, pride, and heritage. To rural South Dakotans,Read MoreDepression and Its Negative Effects on an Older Adult Essay1370 Words   |  6 PagesDepression and its negative effects on an older adult By the year 2045, the number of adults’ ages sixty years and older will increase significantly in comparison to a person who is fifteen years of age or younger (Touhy, Jett, Boscart, McCleary, 2012). Therefore, a large percentage of people seeking medical attention and support in the future will be the older adult. Presently, there are many health related issues and conditions that plague the older adult, and these will only continue to increaseRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman840 Words   |  4 PagesIndividuality + Independence = Insanity The Yellow Wallpaper written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman captivates the audience into the psyche of a young mother and wife through journal entries. The wife has been confined to her room for a cure to her depression. As the women remains in the room, she becomes obsessed with the yellow wallpaper that borders the room. She experiences hallucinations that come because of the wallpaper. Gilman’s story shows the struggle of women’s independence and individualityRead MoreReflection On Mans Search For Meaning1367 Words   |  6 PagesA Reflection of Viktor Frankl’s Man s Search for Meaning. In this paper I will be analysing/ reflecting on Viktor Frankl’s Man s Search for Meaning. In my reflection I will compare the main philosophical message of frankl s experience and try to compare its meaning to my very own life experience. In order to do this I must give you some personal background while growing up I was born with some challenging complications due to a lack of oxygen at birth I was diagnosed with ataxic cerebralRead MoreLoss : The Many Faces Of Grief1406 Words   |  6 PagesMany Faces of Grief Hadley Rhodes Denver School of Nursing  Abstract The life transition of death and dying is inevitably one with which we will all be faced; we will all experience the death of people we hold close throughout our lifetime. This paper will explore the different processes of grief including the bereavement, mourning, and sorrow individuals go through after losing someone to death. Bereavement is a period of adaptation following a life changing loss. This period encompasses mourning

Reflective Journal On Business Research †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Reflective Journal On Business Research. Answer: In a journal entry concerning business research, learning experience refers to an interaction in which Academic skills pertaining business are gained from studies, practice or observation through a course or a program in academic settings. The skills learned are aimed at providing adequate knowledge that can be used in future. For example, use the skills to set up a business. The learning includes both traditional and nontraditional settings. In traditional settings, learning takes place in places like schools and conferences where teachers share their knowledge with students through class interaction. On the other hand, nontraditional settings involve students engagements in soft wares with learning materials as well as games and other leisure activities. On my point of view, learning experience pertaining business research should be open. This means that a learner should not only heed to what is mandated to learn that also engage in other activities that give extra different knowledge to be used in future. From business research, we learn that the knowledge obtained can work together with one's specialization and result to a person with a wide view of information. In his journal, ( Bryman 2015, P, 55-67) stated that Learning experience is of much value that it helps design a purposeful journey that makes learners realize their objectives according to the activities they are engaged into." It also helps students have a real-world simulation such that they can tell the relationship between what they do with what exists in the real world situation. With learning experience from business research, I have an assurance that I can handle the assigned tasks in my program or course. This can be achievable through the fact that the approach of critical analysis to situations associated with learning gained from business research, is the same that I will apply to my program or future career and deliver the expected results. For example, studies by (Billet 2014, P, 200-222) shows that the skills learned in industrial management such as duty delegations can be used in an organization to assign employees and enhance a good control of the organization with maximum supervision. In my business research, I found that savings revive the business during low seasons and also help expand the business by creating more branches. To achieve this, (Collis 2013, P, 277-315) accords that there are disciplines to embrace such as the use of fixed saving accounts which locks money for a given span of time. In future, I can use this concept to save my incomes as well as expand my business by embracing benefits of fixed account savings. When conducting business research, I aimed to prove the existence of online marketing. The business research included some engagements that can help have a good prowess in future. To start with, the research involved an explore to digital marketing whereby referring from (Waterman 2014, P,23-31) I found that use of updated technology enhances steady marketing by smoothening the interaction between buyers and sellers. I used to hear that people advertise their products on the internet through promotions whereby a potential customer gets attracted to the products and make orders. Through the study of a book by (Dana 2014, P, 149-198) I found that a customer can request orders from an organizations website and receive them through online marketing without physical movement of the buyer or the seller. This economizes the business since through online marketing transport levies are evaded. I found this research to be real. For example, Jumia a mobile company advertises their phone on the internet then a customer makes an order, and through postal codes, the mobile gets delivered to the client at his or her destination. Through my observations, it is true that having a vast knowledge of updating with technology that improves business research can influence an existing business positively. I support this, following an example is seen earlier from Jumia Company which has become a large global enterprise through online marketing. In my research learning process, I found Business research to be very useful since it instilled in me the fact that what I learn in class exist in real life situation. For example, (Hair 2014, P, 867) proposed that the topics learned "Trends in business" I found it very useful in the research learning process. It made me gain skills usable in future such as an understanding that there exist simpler mechanisms used to gather information for different concepts. In the normal business research, I used to correct data and analyze it without a literature review of other concepts related to the question at hand. After conducting a critical research, I was able to compare similar situation and come up with a confident judgment that exists in real life situation. Business research is a Learning process that entails a deep study in many concepts. It also includes total engagement in physical activities such as experimental practices and data collection. To enhance this, (Lambert 2013, P, 668-681) accords that borrowing of information from other subjects becomes very essential. For example, accounting in business entails a lot of mathematics. This requires a review of mathematics concepts by the learner to maintain their significance in accounting. For example in my research learning process, I attended pure mathematics lessons to have an understanding of graphical computations used in business as well as understand balancing of figures. The business research I made applies to my research subject that is online marketing. It creates a good foundation and reference of steps taken further in my research as well as use it to conduct my business career. For example, research in accounting will help me to do a good analysis of purchases and supply in my business and come up with a quality control to depend while solving other issues related to my business. References Billett, S. H. 2014. International handbook of research in professional and practice-based learning. Dordrecht: Springer., 200-222. Bryman, A. 2015. Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA., 55-67. Collis, J. 2013. Business research: A practical guide for undergraduate and postgraduate students. Palgrave Macmillan, 277-315. Dana, N. H. 2014. The reflective educator's guide to classroom research: Learning to teach and teaching to learn through practitioner inquiry. Corwin Press., 149-198. Hair Jr, J. 2014. Marketing research (Vol. 2). McGraw-Hill Education Australia., 867 .Lambert, S. 2013. Applications of the business model in studies of enterprise success, innovation, and classification: An analysis of empirical research from 1996 to 2010. European Management Journal, pp.668-681Oxford, Reibig, F. 2016. Teaching and researching language learning strategies: Self-regulation in context. Taylor Francis., 100-122. Waterman, A. 2014. Service-learning: Applications from the research. Routledge., 23-31.

Walden By Thoreau Essays - Civil Disobedience, Walden

Walden By Thoreau Most people think Thoreau to be in the shadow of Wordsworth. Thoreau strongly seeks to evade Emerson wherever he cannot revise him directly. Only "Walden" was exempt from censure. Thoreau was a kind of American Mahatma Ghandhi, a Tolstoyan hermit practicing native arts and crafts out in the woods. He was not really an oppositional or dialectical thinker, like Emerson, though certainly an oppositional personality, as the sacred Emerson was not. Being also something of an elitist, again and unlike Emerson, Thoreau could not always manage Emerson's building up a kind of Longinian discourse by quoting without citation. "Walden," for its incessant power, is frequently uneasy because of an unspoken presence, or a perpetual absence that might as well be a presence, and that stated in Thoreau's journal: Emerson does not consider things in respect to their essential utility, but an important partial and relative one, as works of art perhaps. His probes pass one side of their center of gravity. His exaggeration is of a part, not of the whole. This is only a weak misreading of Emerson. However, it attributes to Emerson what is actually Thoreau's revision of Emerson. Thoreau was also a kind of Gnostic, but the rebel Thoreau remained a Wordsworthian, reading nature for evidences of a continuity in the ontological self that nature simply could not provide. "Walden" is considered as both a simple and a difficult text, simple in that readers feel a sense of unity. It is difficult in that they have been persistently perplexed and occasionally exhorted in form. The primary question is to seek what Walden means. There is also the concern with Walden's style. Walden's meaning can be explained in two different ways. The first is by introducing a distinction between form and content which simultaneously focuses attention on the question of form and reduces content to little more than banning. From the first move follows the more interesting and more pervasive second meaning. The preoccupation with Walden's formal qualities turns Walden's meaning in a simple sense. The assertion is to examine the form of any literary artifact, which is to identify its essential unity, thus the concern with Walden's structural wholeness is integrated well in the book. In other words, one can say that the common moral of "Walden" is the virtue of simplicity. Thoreau substituted words like poverty, a word which set him apart from his materialistic neighbors. "By poverty," he said, "simplicity of life and fewness of incidents, I am solidified and crystallized, as a vapor or liquid by cold. It is a singular concentration of strength and energy and flavor. Chastity is perpetual acquaintance with the All. My diffuse and vaporous life becomes as frost leaves and spiculae radiant as gems on the weeds and stubble an a winter morning." Such poverty or purity was a necessity of Thoreau's economy. By simplicity, which Thoreau called poverty, his life becomes concentrated and organized. "Walden" filled Thoreau's immediate need of self-therapy. In this perspective, "Walden" is the resolution Thoreau was able to fulfill through art. He had effected his own resolution through cautious endeavor and mature serenity. However, this serenity of Thoreau, is a victory of discipline. He says it is the highest aim in life, which requires the highest and finest discipline. To become one with Nature is to become a soul reflecting the fullness of a being. His desire to perceive things truly and simply resulted in his belief that fatal coarseness is the result of mixing trivial affairs of men. In order to justify his devotion to purity he wrote "Walden." He believed that when men is able to find his natural center, a promise of the higher society man is possible. Like other works of his time, it has the unique effort of American romanticism. It has impressive individualism and the desire for experience. In the end, Thoreau stated that if a man's writings are interpreted more than one version, it is considered a ground for complaint. He wanted "Walden" to be a fact truly and absolutely stated, otherwise he would have considered it a failure if is served only to communicate an eccentric's refusal to go along with society, if taken literally. "Walden" is an experience of the cosmic travels of the self. At Walden pond, he wrote that the imagination of oneself is the best symbol of our life. He went to Walden pond because he wanted to find a place where you can walk and think with the least obstruction. He wanted a road where he could travel and to

Free Essays on A Visual Analysis Of “Jonah Cast Up”

A collection of marble sculptures called the â€Å"Jonah Group† is now on display at the Cleveland Art Museum. â€Å"Jonah Swallowed, Jonah Cast Up, Jonah Praying, Jonah Under the Gourd Vine, and The Good Shepherd,† are the separate titles for each of the different statues depicting events in the Bible story. They are part of the John L. Severance Fund; numbered 1965.237, .238, .239, .240, .241 respectively. The â€Å"Jonah Group† was created in Asia minor, approximately 270 to 280 AD. These statues most likely decorated the water fountain in a wealthy private home. This visual Analysis focuses on â€Å"Jonah Cast Up.† â€Å"Jonah Cast Up,† this sculpture portrays the miraculous event of Jonah being spit out of the Whale. It consists of a strangely shaped whale lying on its stomach. The whale arches its back so that the curvy tail twists up over its head. Shooting out of the whale’s mouth is Jonah. He is halfway out head first with his arms o utstretched straight above his head. The figures rest on a rectangle base that is roughly 3 inches tall and approximately a square foot in area. The whole sculpture is 15 inches tall, 16 inches long, and 81/2 inches wide. The Jonah figure is missing a left hand which has broken off over time. It is a statue showing action and movement by the way Jonah is being cast up and out of the whale’s mouth. The sculpture, as all of â€Å"The Jonah Group,† is constructed of white marble from Roman Imperial quarries in Ancient Phrygia. Having been unearthed from a large pithos in central turkey, nearly fifty percent of the sculpture’s surface remains covered with a thin layer of light brown dirt or dust. The surface is so smoothly shaped that the stone looks soft to the touch. Under an outdoor fountain, the wet statue would have a brilliant white shine. The figure of Jonah has a well proportioned, muscular, upper body sculpted resembling a Greek God. He has a full beard and wavy flowing hair. In this sculpture,... Free Essays on A Visual Analysis Of â€Å"Jonah Cast Up† Free Essays on A Visual Analysis Of â€Å"Jonah Cast Up† A collection of marble sculptures called the â€Å"Jonah Group† is now on display at the Cleveland Art Museum. â€Å"Jonah Swallowed, Jonah Cast Up, Jonah Praying, Jonah Under the Gourd Vine, and The Good Shepherd,† are the separate titles for each of the different statues depicting events in the Bible story. They are part of the John L. Severance Fund; numbered 1965.237, .238, .239, .240, .241 respectively. The â€Å"Jonah Group† was created in Asia minor, approximately 270 to 280 AD. These statues most likely decorated the water fountain in a wealthy private home. This visual Analysis focuses on â€Å"Jonah Cast Up.† â€Å"Jonah Cast Up,† this sculpture portrays the miraculous event of Jonah being spit out of the Whale. It consists of a strangely shaped whale lying on its stomach. The whale arches its back so that the curvy tail twists up over its head. Shooting out of the whale’s mouth is Jonah. He is halfway out head first with his arms o utstretched straight above his head. The figures rest on a rectangle base that is roughly 3 inches tall and approximately a square foot in area. The whole sculpture is 15 inches tall, 16 inches long, and 81/2 inches wide. The Jonah figure is missing a left hand which has broken off over time. It is a statue showing action and movement by the way Jonah is being cast up and out of the whale’s mouth. The sculpture, as all of â€Å"The Jonah Group,† is constructed of white marble from Roman Imperial quarries in Ancient Phrygia. Having been unearthed from a large pithos in central turkey, nearly fifty percent of the sculpture’s surface remains covered with a thin layer of light brown dirt or dust. The surface is so smoothly shaped that the stone looks soft to the touch. Under an outdoor fountain, the wet statue would have a brilliant white shine. The figure of Jonah has a well proportioned, muscular, upper body sculpted resembling a Greek God. He has a full beard and wavy flowing hair. In this sculpture,...

The History of Dr Pepper and inventor Charles Alderton

The History of Dr Pepper and inventor Charles Alderton In 1885, in Waco, Texas, a young Brooklyn-born pharmacist named Charles Alderton invented a new soft drink that would soon become known as Dr Pepper. The carbonated beverage was marketed as having a unique flavor all its own. More than 130 years later, the brand can still be found on shelves and in refrigerated store coolers worldwide. Alderton worked at Morrisons Old Corner Drug Store in Waco, Texas, where carbonated drinks were served at the soda fountain. While there, he began experimenting with his own soft drink recipes. One, in particular, was fast becoming a big hit with customers, who originally ordered the concoction by asking Alderton to shoot them a Waco. As the soft drinks popularity grew, Alderton and Morrison had trouble manufacturing enough Dr Pepper to keep up with the demand for the product. Robert S. Lazenby, owner of the Circle A Ginger Ale Company in Waco, had been impressed with Dr Pepper and was interested in manufacturing, bottling, and distributing the soft drink. Alderton, who had no desire to pursue the business and manufacturing end, he agreed to let Morrison and Lazenby take over. Fast Facts: Dr Pepper The U.S. Patent Office recognizes December 1, 1885, as the first time Dr Pepper was served.In 1891, Morrison and Lazenby formed the Artesian Mfg. Bottling Company, which later became the Dr Pepper Company.In 1904, the company introduced Dr Pepper to 20 million people attending the 1904 Worlds Fair Exposition in St. Louis- the same Worlds Fair that introduced hamburger and hot dog buns and ice cream cones to the public.The Dr Pepper Company is the oldest major manufacturer of soft drink concentrates and syrups in the United States.Dr Pepper is now also sold in the United States, Europe, Asia, Canada, Mexico, and South America, as well as New Zealand and South Africa as an imported good.Varieties of Dr Pepper include a version without high-fructose corn syrup, Diet Dr Pepper, as well as a line of additional flavors first introduced in the 2000s. The Dr Pepper Name There are several theories regarding the origin of the Dr Pepper name. In some versions of the tale, drugstore owner Morrison is credited with naming the drink Dr. Pepper in honor of his friend, Dr. Charles Pepper, while in others, Alderton is said to have gotten one of his first jobs working for Dr. Pepper, and named the soft drink as a nod to his early employer. Another theory is that the pep refers to pepsin, an enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides. Pepsin is produced in the stomach and is one of the main digestive enzymes in the digestive systems of humans and many other animals, where it helps digest the proteins in food. Or it might have been something more simple. As with many early sodas of the era, Dr Pepper was marketed as a brain tonic and energizing pick-me-up. The pep in Pepper might literally have been named for the lift it supposedly imparted to those who drank it. In the 1950s, the Dr Pepper logo was redesigned. In the new version, the text was slanted and the font was changed. Designers felt that the period made Dr. look like Di: so for reasons of style and legibility, the period was dropped- but to paraphrase Shakespeare, no matter what you call it, a Dr Pepper by any other name would taste as sweet.

Was Jesus Like Adam Before or After the Fall Research Paper

Was Jesus Like Adam Before or After the Fall - Research Paper Example In other words, Jesus was reached by sin but not contaminated. Outline Adam, Sin and Its Consequences to the World A. The Nature of Adam Before the fall According to Cairus, God created man in his own likeness, and gave man dominion over the earth. He created man to not only sing his praises, to manifest his glory and worship Him, but also to create a fellowship with Him. Man was created in God’s image, but was not a reflection of God, but was more like a painting – Cairus makes the example that the sun may reflect upon the water, and this is an image of the sun; a painting may also make an image of the sun. One, the reflection upon the water, represents the sun itself making an image; the other consists of a creation of the sun on a canvas. The way that God made man was more like the painting then the reflection upon the water. So, like a van Gogh making a self-portrait, God essentially created a self-portrait when he created man. Moreover, only man was created in the image of God, according to Cairus, and this was shown by the fact that the land the creatures of the world, created before God, were pronounced â€Å"g ood,† while the creation of man was pronounced by God to be â€Å"very good.† ... Cairus solves this conundrum by stating that the reason for this is God gave man â€Å"freedom† or free will. This is what makes man autonomous and individual, as opposed to being merely a reflection and image of God. Adam was given this freedom, and, when he was created he was considered to be â€Å"innocent† - this means that he was not yet tempted by sin, therefore he was pure and without sin. Adam and Eve, who was created from Adam's rib, were God's helpers on earth, and were created to serve Him and enjoy a happy communion with Him in paradise.3 God created Adam and Eve as a pair, and He celebrated the first marriage. God also stated that, as long as the first pair did not betray Him, that they could live in paradise for eternity and have dominion over all things.4 Fowler states that Adam and Eve, as the first representatives of humankind came to earth after a divine council, and the members of the Godhead chose to make mankind in the image of God. The dominion, co upled with the fact that man was created in God's image, meant that Adam and Eve were â€Å"crowned in God's glory and honor,† according to Fowler.5 Since they were created by God, Fowler states that they were to be totally obedient to God, and pledge allegiance only to Him. For Him, Adam and Eve were to give unconditional love and obedience, unreserved praise and absolute gratitude. They were also commanded to hold no other divinity above God. This would include the person's self – the self must never come before God, and this was one of the commandments upon Adam.6 Essentially, Adam was to put nothing before God, and put nothing between himself and God, and must reject the temptation to equate the self with

CMM-Media and Society - Discuss Pozner Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CMM-Media and Society - Discuss Pozner - Essay Example Since women are called the jealous gender, they are also given the title of being untrustworthy. And all this is simply a result of television shows making up our minds for us. We regularly watch such shows where women are shown trying to steal other women’s boyfriends and husbands; where they are competing with their own gender and planning against them; where they are trying to harm other women and getting a weird kind of satisfaction through it. And the reason behind television portraying such a view of women is that these kinds of shows are more popular among those who have nothing better to do than pass time. Besides, it serves as comedy and entertainment shows for the less intellectuals. Again, it is mainly about ratings and where there is a catfight there will be bound to be an audience for it. Such has become the mentality of our people and the television takes full advantage of

Week Four Assignment Essay Example for Free

Week Four Assignment Essay All Americans regardless of their economic standing in the community deserve access to essential and quality preventative, and primary healthcare. Those Americans who currently fall under the â€Å"publicly insured† category (Medicaid), and the medically uninsured, are at similar risk for delayed or non-existent required medical care. Establishing a free, 24 hour accessible Shelby County Primary Care Clinic would eliminate patient medical care delay, and result in large scale overall savings in projected annual medical care costs. (So You Want to Start a Health Center?, 2011) The advantage of free and charitable medical clinics vs. federally funded medical clinics reaches beyond the access to quality care component. Free and charitable clinics are at a financial advantage typically, due to many varying factors. Federally funded clinics fall under the financial responsibility of Federal Government grants, Medicare, state government/Medicaid reimbursement, insurance payers, self-pay, public and private gifts and grants. Free and charitable clinics are financially supported by grants and donations, exclusively. Volunteers provide most if not all primary care, specialty care, dental care and vision care which eliminates a direct savings of 1.28 million for future healthcare costs. (Comparison of Free Charitable Clinics to Federally Funded Clinics, n.d.) The Shelby County community has a longstanding history of community members that struggle to afford basic primary healthcare. Majority of those who reside in this area work non-union, blue-collar jobs that do not provide â€Å"sick† time or the ability to take time off to meet medical needs. Oftentimes, a community member will make just above the poverty level each month to ensure they do not qualify for Medicaid/Medicare, but not enough to afford the standard monthly costs  of medical insurance. Medical issues that could easily be resolved with one or two primary care appointments, end up becoming a medical emergency often times of high expense. The establishment of a 24 hour accessible free medical clinic in the Shelby County comm unity, physically accessible to all, would provide the necessary gap-fill for those who aren’t Medicaid/Medicare applicable. (Why Free Medical Clinics Benefit Everyone, n.d.) Many prepatory considerations must be made in order to ensure the successful establishment and functioning of any free medical clinic. Support of local area hospitals is essential, in order to provide the ancillary services needed such as lab work, radiology/x-rays, and medical providers willing to volunteer both for services provided, and to be members of the respective clinic Board. An acceptable and effective business and strategic plan must be developed and in place prior to the establishment of any free medical clinic. Volunteer staff need to be abreast of all HIPPA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) regulations, and the process of credentialing providers, in order to fall under the established medical legal guidelines. A Standard of Clinic Operating Procedures must be created and in place, prior to any clinic operations actually occurring, so all volunteers are educated in the many facets of their job responsibilities and clinic procedures. (OhioFreeClinics.o rg, n.d.) (So You Want to Start a Health Center?, 2011) The result of providing free medical care for those in need is not simply an improved medical and physical state, however important this factor is. The result of preventative care that comes from regular primary care appointments, can eliminate the crowding of emergency rooms for primary care issues such as blood pressure, common colds, asthma (non- emergent) and diabetes (maintenance). When â€Å"standard† primary care issues are managed with education, medication and follow up, patients are stable to live and work without issue. Patients who can afford care are not charged increased amounts to cover for the loss of those who need care, and cannot pay. Businesses avoid losing millions of dollars a year that typically result from productivity loss, due to illness and medical emergency. (Why Free Medical Clinics Benefit Everyone, n.d.) (Kiesel, 2013) Shelby County would not only benefit financially with the implementation of a free medical clinic, but the overall quality of life for those who reside in this county would improve exponentially. Families will no longer have to panic when a  child becomes sick or injured, and does not qualify for Medicaid/Medicare. Businesses do not lose valuable man-hours due to illnesses not treated and managed, resulting in time off work. Pregnant mothers have access to medical care and choices outside of the Medicaid/Medicare system. The positive results coming from this potential endeavor are not just immediate or financial, but continue and expand over time, in the improvement of life in Shelby County as a whole. (Why Free Medical Clinics Benefit Everyone, n.d.) References Comparison of Free Charitable Clinics to Federally Funded Clinics. (n.d.). Retrieved from NAFC: http://nafcclinics.org/sites/default/files/Comparison%20of%20Free%20clinics%20to%20FQHS%202012.pdf Kiesel, L. (2013, December 26). Free Medical Clinics Might Save Millions. Retrieved from The Street: http://www.thestreet.com/story/12176795/1/free-medical-clinics-might-save-millions.html OhioFreeClinics.org. (n.d.). Retrieved from Starting a Free Clinic/A Volunteers in Health Care Guide: http://www.ohiofreeclinics.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/VIHStartingFreeClinic.pdf So You Want to Start a Health Center? (2011, July). Retrieved from NACH: http://www.nachc.com/client/documents/So%20you%20want%20to%20Start-Final%20July%202011.pdf Understanding Health Information Privacy. (n.d.). Retrieved from HHS.gov: http://www.hhs.gov/ocr/privacy/hipaa/understanding/ Why Free Medical Clinics Benefit Everyone. (n.d.). Retrieved from Friendship Medical Clinic: http://www.friendshipmedicalclinic.org/about /benefit.html

Fascism And Communism Essay -- Communism Essays

. Fascism and Communism are two different forms of government that were very similar. Fascism is a 20th century form of nationalistic, militaristic, totalitarian dictatorship that seeks to create a feasible society through strict regimentation of national and individual lives. Communism is type of government in which there is no private property and the government controls the entire economy. Communism tries to satisfy the basic needs of society by sharing work and benefits. Both theories were dictatorships that at first were loved by the people and soon later hated by them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In October of 1922 Mussolini was named the premier. He used his militia to purge local governments of any opposition to Fascism. Under the worsening conditions when Italy was about to collapse, the Fascists party appealed to the frustrations of soldiers and the middle class. The Fascists offered a return to traditional values, promising to bring Italy back to a position of glory again. Most importantly, the Fascist’s offered to do something about the deteriorating conditions. On October 24, 1917, Bolshevik forces and their allies began seizing essential centers of power. By the next morning, the Bolsheviks informed the still- assembled congress of soviets that they had taken power in the name of the Russian worker and peasant and had established a temporary government. The events of October introduced a single Communist government in Russia for the first time. Non- Bolshev...

Deepest Fear

My deepest fear is fear within itself. In life there is no failure but only feedback. Being presented with different obstacles and making sufficient decisions in my life's path, has made me who i am today. As a child, my family always taught me that I must perform to the best of my abilities as a person in order to succeed in whatever I  pursue in life. As a child growing up in Clinton Public School Districts wasn’t such a walk in the park because success was the only option and the key to your future.It took me a while to understand everything I was brought up against as a student there but it made me learn a great deal about the diversity of cultures and how others may perceive the world differently than I would. It made me understand the concept when it came to things I can manage, with others that I cannot. Being a student at Clinton High made me realize that I could do anything to my fullest potential if I put forth effort.I had also overcame the feeling of being unlove d, abused and mistreated by someone I thought cared tremendously about me. I received many awards and recognitions throughout my school years such as hardworking, dedication, good Spirit, track Awards and many more. I participated in the choir, track, basketball, the Spanish club, pure guidance club, FCA (fellowship with Christians Association), help serve at the stewpot and many more.On May 25, 2012 not only did I overcome my fear of failure and doubt but I proved everyone one whoever went up against me wrong. This was the day that I rejoiced because I graduated from Clinton High School with a clean record, no baby and an acceptance letter to one of the top African American Schools in the state of Mississippi, Jackson State University.I believe majoring in Computer Science will be a great experience because I love computers and technology is my greatest strength. It will better me when it comes to dealing with things hands-on and challenge my thinking process even more. I believe a lso, that majoring in Computer Science will also build me up as a person because setbacks in one's life better prepare one  for the greater challenges that will lie ahead.

Culture Is Pervasive in All Marketing Activities Essay

It is a widely accepted tenet of marketing that consumers are not homogenous and that their specific tastes, characteristics and desires will influence their response to marketing activities and advertising (Jeannet and Hennessey, 2004; Kotler and Keller, 2006, p. 52). At the same time, it is also accepted that consumers in different cultures tend to have different demographic profiles, lifestyles, values and economic priorities (Yucelt, 2000, p. 59). As a result, it is clear that consumers in different cultures are very likely to have different needs and responses to marketing and advertising. This in turn implies that culture will have a pervasive impact in influencing marketing activities, and businesses will have to take account of cultural factors if they are to successfully advertise to consumers in different cultures. This piece will critically review the extent to which culture is pervasive in all marketing activities; particularly in the creation and implementation of advertising strategies, and the implications for marketing and advertising activity. Culture is pervasive in all marketing activities Not only is this argument supported by the theory, but it has also been strongly supported by the empirical evidence. For example, studies of marketing in the European Union, which is generally seen as a single market, have shown that â€Å"national differences are more important than similarities when marketers are planning to approach the European consumers† (Yucelt, 2000, p. 59). These differences become even stronger in other contexts such as Asia. In particular, the response to television, radio, newspaper and magazine advertising has all been shown to be influenced by cultural factors, and all of these factors can have an influence on the strategies used by companies to market and advertise their products. Given the significant impact of these differences, it is hardly surprising that studies have looked to use cultural frameworks to analyse the impact of culture on marketing, with Hofstede’s (1980, p. 1) cultural values being one of the most widely used concepts. In particular, research by Murphy and Scharl (2007, p. 97) has shown that Hofstede’s dimensions of individualism and masculinity strongly related to how innovative products and the marketing and advertising of said products is received. This finding is specifically applied to the online setting, producing the argument that â€Å"in countries with strong cultural values of masculinity and collectivism, international business managers should consider paying homage to local domain names for web site and email addresses† in order to reach customers in that country more effectively (Murphy and Scharl, 2007, p. 97). This implies that not only is culture an important factor in marketing activities and advertising, but that specific cultural factors can have specific impacts on a given marketing campaign or advertising strategy. These specific impacts can be even more important in the case of multinational corporations and their subsidiaries. In particular, they raise the question of how multinational corporations and their subsidiaries should best market and advertise their offerings across a range of environmental contexts. The question that is often raised in the literature is how best for these companies to achieve their global vision, whilst also paying attention to cultural factors in the target market and remaining responsive to local environmental conditions. According to a study by Boojihawon et al (2007, p. 549) the majority of successful multinational companies tend to strike a balance between these two factors, attempting to create a sound global strategy whilst also using entrepreneurial behaviours and management practices to encourage local cultural responsibility in their subsidiaries and advertising strategies. Despite adhering to a unified theme in order to build a distinctive global brand identity, there were significant variations in how Nintendo launched the â€Å"Nintendo Wii† in 3 westernised yet, culturally different countries (Figure 1). The innovative segmentation, targeting and positioning strategies of Nintendo Wii, and the localised campaigns focusing on the most important attributes of the product in each country/culture, helped to make Wii the success it is today. Figure 1: Comparison of TV advertising launch of Nintendo Wii in USA, Japan & UK (2006) The importance of culture also pervades the development, management and advertising of a company or product’s brand image. Managing brand images in global markets is a major concern for businesses, who wish to avoid embarrassing incidents where their brand image turns out to be inappropriate or offensive in some cultural contexts. Wonderbra is only too aware of this (www. adsoftheworld. com). Every magazine that enters the United Arab Emirates is censored using black markers. Before Wonderbra launched into the UAE, they issued a strategic tongue-in-cheek press release depicting a woman wearing a blacked-out Wonderbra. They deliberately added large amounts of â€Å"marker† to the ad to cheekily communicate the increase in size when a lady wears their product. However, their advertising strategy backfired when the UAE advertising authorities blacked out the rest of the â€Å"naked skin† leaving only the face visible, thus totally diminishing any intended marketing message. Indeed, Roth’s (1995, p. 163) use of Hofstede’s (1980, p. ) dimensions indicates that both the power distance and individualism dimensions have strong impacts on the interpretation of sensory and novelty based brand image strategies. In other words, these two dimensions strongly impact on consumer responses to brand advertising strategies that are based on sensory stimuli and novelty value. This implies that managers marketing brands internationally and across different cultural contexts need to be aware of how their brands and advertising will be interpreted in these contexts, in order to maximise their marketing and advertising effectiveness. The impact of cultural factors can even be seen in the case of word of mouth advertising strategies, and customer referral programs. In particular, in recent years the role of cultural factors and cultural differences in the use of word of mouth as an advertising tool has become of increased importance. Whilst positive word of mouth tends to have a positive effect on customer service quality perceptions in all cultural environments, Schumann et al (2010, p. 8) showed that received word of mouth â€Å"has a stronger effect on the evaluation of customers in high uncertainty avoidance than in low uncertainty avoidance cultures†. This implies that even if companies are not engaging in direct advertising campaigns in a cross-cultural context, they still need to be aware of the impact that cultural factors can have on their general marketing and any word of mouth advertising or referral marketing strategies, and match these strategies to the target culture’s uncertainty avoidance level. â€Å"One World Culture† However, it is important to note that whilst national cultural factors and differences have a strong impact on the marketing and advertising of products in the contemporary environment, the increasing globalisation of the world economy is also having a strong impact on the cultural characteristics of people around the world. As global capitalism and communications become more advanced, so consumers around the world are becoming used to similar styles of marketing and advertising. This is acting to dissolve some of the cultural boundaries of advertising, and in ome areas creating a homogeneous global consumer culture (Cleveland and LaRoche, 2007, p. 249). Whilst this trend is still not dominant, and many individuals continue to define themselves by their cultural environment and heritage, there is a growing degree of variance in the extent to which other individuals do identify with these norms. In particular, younger people are increasingly defining themselves as global consumers and individuals, and hence feeling a greater affinity to the global community, with a lesser degree of attachment to their local and national cultures. This implies that not only do managers need to be aware of the different cultures that pervade the markets in which they operate, but they also need to be aware of the potential impact of this global culture on consumer responses to advertising and marketing strategies. Indeed, whilst the growth of this global consumer is a relatively new concept in marketing, it should be noted that globalisation has long been accepted as creating â€Å"global consumer segments that associate similar meanings with certain places, people, and things† (Duncan and Ramaprasad, 1995, p. 5). To date, these segments have largely been limited to specific consumer products and brands, such as Apple, Nike and Coca Cola. However, as these segments have grown, so they have also helped drive the emergence of global consumer cultures, and the growth of shared sets of consumption related symbols. These symbols are often brands, but can also be product categories, or even consumption activity. In 2009, Guinness launched their first ever global advertising campaign for â€Å"Arthur’s Day† (Figure 2). It was a â€Å"groundbreaking consumer promotion promoting annual ‘Arthur’s Day’ events on 24th September, being held around the world in cities including Dublin, New York, Lagos and Kuala Lumpur† (Saatchi & Saatchi EMEA, 2009). Guinness wants their global consumers to celebrate the consumption activity of drinking Guinness on the same day of the year, worldwide; thus trying to influence global culture and consumer behaviour. Figure 2: Arthur’s Day â€Å"Toast†, Jakarta, 2010 With the continuous growth of mass media, and the dominance of this media by a few large economies and cultures such as the United States (Walker, 1996, p. 42), these symbols have become ever more significant, and their impact on global culture has become ever more pronounced. This implies that marketers and advertisers need to be aware of the specific influence of culture across different product categories, and the potential cultural impacts of entering or leaving one of these categories. The growth of these shared meanings also has implications of marketing managers, who often find themselves competing in an increasingly competitive global marketplace, where competitors can come from a range of backgrounds, economies and cultures (Aaker, 1991, p. 46). As a result, marketers may need to develop new strategies for coping with the widespread changes in culture, particularly when the global culture changes in a way that is not conducive to their existing marketing strategies. According to Alden et al (1999, p. 75) such changes will require companies to adopt a strategy of â€Å"global consumer culture positioning†, whereby businesses not only position themselves in domestic markets and foreign markets, but also position themselves in the global market. This will obviously complicate marketing activities in the short term, with marketers forcing to tailor their advertising strategies to three distinct market segments, all of which may respond to brand messages and advertising in different ways. However, in the long term, marketers are likely to benefit from following such a strategy, as their positioning will be better able to move with shifts in the global market, and the various local markets in which they operate. As such, it can be seen that the impact of culture on contemporary marketing and advertising will not be static, but will rather be ever changing and hence will require marketers to anticipate and react to changes in the global cultural makeup. The potential for such changes to occur can be seen in a recent study of the use of soft sell advertising and hard sell advertising across different markets. According to most theoretical work on advertising and the prediction of global consumer culture theories, soft sell advertising should be more uniformly accepted across markets, whilst hard sell advertising should struggle in some cultural contexts such as the Far East, where confrontations are not culturally acceptable. However, the results of Okazaki’s (2010, p. 0) study into the use of soft selling and hard selling in the United States and Japan produced quite surprising results: â€Å"The results indicate somewhat more homogeneous acceptance of soft-sell appeals but, surprisingly, also show relatively homogeneous acceptance of hard-sell appeals across markets. These findings are suggestive of both types of appeals having the potential to be used as part of a GCCP across the United States and Japan and perhaps other markets† (Okazaki, 2010, p. 20). This implies that even two culturally dissimilar nations such as the US and Japan have developed similar responses to certain types of advertising. As such, marketers who had not kept abreast of these cultural and market developments could have found themselves left behind and unable to compete as the market moved on and left them behind. Conclusions In conclusion, it is clear that culture is pervasive in all marketing activities, and particularly in the case of advertising strategies. Not only does culture impact on how advertising and marketing is perceived in different countries and cultures, but it can also in turn be influenced by advertising and marketing strategies. In addition to this, the globalisation of marketing, advertising and business is causing the emergence of a global culture, which requires its own unique form of marketing and advertising. These different cultures are not remaining static, but are increasingly changing and developing over time, forcing advertisers to constantly renew and re-evaluate their advertising strategies. As such, the main impact on culture on marketing activities is that it prevents them from becoming static and consistent, and forces regular reviews and updates to ensure that the activities remain culturally relevant.

Living in a Fantasy Professor Ramos Blog

Living in a Fantasy For centuries, gender roles have played a major role in society. Women had very little to no say in anything. In the story â€Å"Woman Hollering Creek,† gender roles are put into play. Along with the fantasy of living the life of a telenovela in which the protagonist, Cleofilas, sets to base her decisions on, her husband Juan Pedro does not fail to live up to expectations. Much like in telenovelas, there is always that one character in which seems to cause the majority of the problems; this character very much resembles Juan. In the story, Juan assigns Cleofilas the role of the housewife which does not have any say in what can be done. Like the stereotype of the woman being the vulnerable one in the relationship, Cleofilas fits just that. Juan does not fall behind in being the abusive and macho type figure. Machismo would be a much better character trait that runs throughout the story. All these aspects fit perfectly, much like a puzzle into those of a telenovela. The notion o f fantasy land, machismo and gender roles greatly describes Cleofilas’ life.   Nothing good can ever come from living in a fantasy land. From living one’s life with false hope to leading someone to one of the most dangerous of situations. Cleofilas attempts to live the life of a telenovela protagonist. Just as in telenovelas, the protagonist seems to be constantly running into obstacles. In Cleofilas’ case, Juan seems to always cause her harm. Not only does he drag her away from her family, but leads her straight to danger. The abusive side that came to characterize Juan, was not a good sight for Cleofilas. Although a sort of happy ending does occur when Felice saves her and helps her get away from her abusive husband, nothing good ever comes from living in a fantasy land. In the beginning of the story, Cleofilas’ father, Don Serafin, expressed something very important to her. â€Å"I am your father. I will never abandon you† (Cisneros 43) he expressed. However it turned out to be that it was not the father that broke his promise of never abandoning her, rather it was Clefilas who fled the scene. After Cleofilas’ husband, Juan Pedro, seeked permission from her father to take her hand in marriage, they rapidly fled. Similar to those traits of today’s society, the man usually makes the decisions on behalf of him and his partner. After leaving her family behind, Cleofilas was forced to start a new life. Her telenovela fantasy did not seem totally out of reach anymore. As usual, the telenovelas seen on tv never forgot to include the story’s villain which nobody seemed to distinguish from everyone else. In Cleofilas’ fantasy, the villain was right in front of her. After bareing Juan Pedro’s son, Juan Pedrito, his personality took a sharp turn for the worst. Removing one’s self from one country to the next is never easy. Especially when one does not know the language of the country they are in. After finding work, Juan Pedro seemed to be a really hard working character but also started to become the abusive partner. After long hours of work, he came home tired and frustrated drinking away his what seemed to be depression, he found a new way to remove steam. Turning to Cleofilas, things quickly turned to the dark side as Juan swung away towards her. She did not make the slightest attempt to defend herself because of the fact she wanted to like in her telenovela fantasy. She never sees the person being abused defend herself, so she just let it come to her. The macho type charisma seemed to be taking over Juan. He resembles the stereotypical man of the household taking control of the situation no matter what others may think. Taking advantage of the vulnerable and defenceless Cleofil as, Juan was at control. â€Å"..he slapped her once, and then again, and again; until the lip split and bled an orchid of blood,she didnt fight back, she didn’t break into tears, she didnt run away as she imagined she might when she saw such things in the telenovelas† (Cisneros 47). Just as it seemed that Juan let his manliness take over, he quickly turned into the full of emotion man who turned to Cleofilas to apologize just after he beat her forcefully. This happened over and over and over.   What seems to be the welcoming of a second child, a doctor visit seems to be in order. The only thing that seemed to be getting in the way was the extreme bruising Cleofilas was suffering from the beatings inflicted by Juan. Juan did not let her go to a doctors visit due to the fear he had that someone might assume something due to her many bruises. Cleofilas had to beg and beg. â€Å"But please, at least for the doctors visit.† (Cisneros 53) It seemed as if Cleofilas was anxious and needy for this doctors visit. She made it appear as if she knew something was going to happen. This course of action taken by Cleofilas is really similar to the environment provided by Saudi Arabia. Women are not allowed to travel or even apply for a passport without the approval of their male guardian (â€Å"Saudi Arabia†¦..†). Women do not have an ounce of freedom. It was not until 1955 that a school for women was established and in 1970 that the first university for women was establ ished in Saudi Arabia (â€Å"Women’s Rights in Saudi†¦.†). Much like Saudi Arabian women, Cleofilas is not allowed to go anywhere without permission of Juan. In the story, Cleofilas does not only live in a roller coaster filled with its ups and downs but most likely came out with some life lessons. In a world filled with machismo, gender roles and attempting to live in the aspects of a fantasy, Cleofilas seems to maneuver just fine. â€Å"Woman Hollering Creek† has not only demonstrated the paths of many women but also adds a pint of Sandra Cisneros’ Mexican Culture. Cisneros, Sandra. Woman Hollering Creek. Bloomsbury, 2004. Deutsche Welle. â€Å"Womens Rights in Saudi Arabia: A Timeline: DW: 07.01.2019.† DW.COM, dw.com/en/womens-rights-in-saudi-arabia-a-timeline/g-40709135. â€Å"Saudi Arabia: 10 Reasons Why Women Flee.† Human Rights Watch, 30 Jan. 2019, www.hrw.org/news/2019/01/30/saudi-arabia-10-reasons-why-women-flee.

The Countries Involved in World War I

The Countries Involved in World War I The relevance of world in the term World War I  is often difficult to see, because books, articles, and documentaries generally concentrate on Europe and America; even the Middle East and Anzac forces (Australian and New Zealand) are often glossed over. The use of world isnt, as non-Europeans might suspect, the result of self-important bias toward the West, because a full list of the countries involved in WWI reveals a picture of global activity. Between 1914 and 1918, more than 100 countries from Africa, the Americas, Asia, Australasia,  and Europe were part of the conflict. Key Takeaways: Countries Involved in World War I Although most of the battles of World War I occurred in western Europe, many other countries were involved in the events.  Some, like Canada and the U.S., declared war, sent troops, and manufactured armaments.Other countries kept prisoner of war camps or sent infrastructure workers.  Many countries in Africa and Asia were colonies of the large empires and were coerced to help with the war effort.   How Involved Were Countries? The levels of  involvement differed hugely. Some countries mobilized millions of troops and fought hard for more than four years; some were used as reservoirs of goods and manpower by their colonial rulers, while others simply declared war later on and contributed only moral support. Many were drawn in by colonial links: When Britain, France, and Germany declared war, they also committed their empires, involving most of Africa, India, and Australasia, while the 1917 entry of the U.S. prompted much of central America to follow. Consequently, the countries in the following list didnt necessarily send troops, and few saw fighting on their own soil; they either declared war or were considered involved in the conflict, such as being invaded before they could declare anything. Its important to remember, though, that the effects of WWI went beyond this global list. Even countries that remained neutral felt the economic and political effects of a conflict that shattered the established global order. Africa In 1914, 90 percent of the continent of Africa were colonies of the European powers, with only Liberia and Ethiopia retaining independence, and so much of Africas participation was enforced or conscripted. All told, about two million Africans served as soldiers or laborers, and half that total was coercively recruited as carriers or other workers, used to build transportation and other infrastructure projects or perform auxiliary services. The only regions to remain neutral in Africa were Ethiopia and the four small Spanish colonies of Rio de Oro (Spanish Sahara), Rio Muni, Ifni, and Spanish Morocco. Colonies in Africa that were involved in some manner included: AlgeriaAngolaAnglo-Egyptian SudanBasutolandBechuanalandBelgian CongoBritish East Africa (Kenya)British Gold CoastBritish SomalilandCameroonCabindaEgyptEritreaFrench Equatorial AfricaGabonMiddle CongoUbangi-SchariFrench SomalilandFrench West AfricaDahomeyGuineaIvory CoastMauretaniaSenegalUpper Senegal and NigerThe GambiaGerman East AfricaItalian SomalilandLiberiaMadagascarMoroccoPortuguese East Africa (Mozambique)NigeriaNorthern RhodesiaNyasalandSierra LeoneSouth AfricaSouth West Africa (Namibia)Southern RhodesiaTogolandTripoliTunisiaUganda and Zanzibar Americas When they finally joined the war effort in 1917, the United States sent four million men to the Allies. As a dominion of the United Kingdom, Canada sent 400,000 enlisted men, and, like the United States, manufactured armaments, aircraft, and ships. Latin American governments seesawed between neutrality and entry into the war, and Brazil was the only independent South American country to declare war in WWI; it joined the Entente countries- Great Britain, France, and Russia- against Germany and Austria-Hungary in 1917. Other South American nations severed their relations with Germany but did not declare war: Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, and Uruguay, all in 1917. BahamasBarbadosBrazilBritish GuianaBritish HondurasCanadaCosta RicaCubaFalkland IslandsFrench GuianaGrenadaGuatemalaHaitiHondurasGuadeloupeJamaicaLeeward IslandsNewfoundlandNicaraguaPanamaSt. LuciaSt. VincentTrinidad and TobagoU.S.AWest Indies Asia Of all the Asian countries involved in World War I in some manner, India, a colony of the British Empire at the time, sent the most: 1.3 million troops and laborers went to the imperial war effort. China was officially neutral but provided about 200,000 laborers to the Allied forces to repair tanks. Japan sent 14 destroyers and a flagship cruiser to assist British ships in the Mediterranean Sea. Tiny Siam stayed neutral until mid-1917 and then sent about 1,500 men as pilots, aircraft mechanics, automobile drivers and mechanics, and medical and support staff. Regions in Asia contributing to the war effort were: AdenArabiaBahrainEl QatarKuwaitTrucial OmanBorneoCeylonChinaIndiaJapanPersiaPhilippinesRussiaSiamSingaporeTranscaucasiaTurkey Australasia and Pacific Islands The largest contributors to the war efforts were the large Australian Imperial Force (Australia still being a colony of England at the time), 330,000 soldiers sent to aid the Allies in the Middle East and Germany. Other contributing countries included: AntipodesAucklandAustral IslandsAustraliaBismarck ArchipelagoBountyCampbellCaroline IslandsChatham IslandsChristmasCook IslandsDucieElice IslandsFanningFlintFiji IslandsGilbert IslandsKermadec IslandsMacquarieMaldenMariana IslandsMarquesas IslandsMarshal IslandsNew GuineaNew CaledoniaNew HebridesNew ZealandNorfolkPalau IslandsPalmyraPaumoto IslandsPitcairnPhilippinesPhoenix IslandsSamoa IslandsSolomon IslandsTokelau IslandsTonga Europe Map of military alliances of Europe in 1914. historicair Most of the battles of World War I took place in Europe, and willingly or not, the people of most of the countries were somehow active in the conflict. For the Allies, 5.2 million British men served in the conflict, just under half of the available pool of men aged 18-51; 7.9 million French citizens were called to serve. A total of 13 million German citizens fought in the war between 1914 and 1918.  In the occupied territories, Germany and its allies also coerced civilians into labor: citizens from Italy, Albania, Montenegro, Serbia, Romania, and Russian Poland all had conscripts fighting or assisting with the Entente efforts. AlbaniaAustria-HungaryBelgiumBulgariaCzechoslovakiaEstoniaFinlandFranceGreat BritainGermanyGreeceItalyLatviaLithuaniaLuxembourgMaltaMontenegroPolandPortugalRomaniaRussiaSan MarinoSerbiaTurkey Atlantic Islands AscensionSandwich IslandsSouth GeorgiaSt. HelenaTristan da Cunha Indian Ocean Islands Andaman IslandsCocos IslandsMauritiusNicobar IslandsReunionSeychelles Sources Beauprà ©, Nicolas. France.  International Encylopedia of the First World War. Eds. Daniel, Ute, et al. Berlin: Freie Universitt Berlin, 2014. Web.Badsey, Stephen. Great Britain.  International Encylopedia of the First World War. Eds. Daniel, Ute, et al. Berlin: Freie Universitt Berlin, 2017. Web.Boissoneault, Lorraine. The Surprisingly Important Role China Played in WWI. World War I: 100 Years Later. Smithsonian.  2017. Web.Granatstein, J.L. Canada. International Encylopedia of the First World War. Eds. Daniel, Ute, et al. Berlin: Freie Universitt Berlin, 2018. Web.Johnston, Eric. Japans Little-Known, but Significant, Role in World War I. The Japan Times  (2017). Web.Koller, Christian. Colonial Military Participation in Europe (Africa). International Encylopedia of the First World War. Eds. Daniel, Ute, et al. Berlin: Freie Universitt Berlin, 2014. Web.Rinke, Stefan and Karina Kriegsmann. Latin America.  International Encylopedia of the First World War. Eds. Daniel, Ute, et al. Berlin: Freie Universitt Berlin, 2017. Web. Strahan, Hew. The First World War in Africa. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. Print.

Proposed European Union Financial Transaction Tax Essay

Proposed European Union Financial Transaction Tax - Essay Example The general population and normal business ventures were to remain unaffected (Vella, Fuest and Tim, 2011). The proposed tax was to be separate from normal bank charge that some regional administrations are in the process of levying on monetary institutions to help in shielding them from the fees of any potential bailouts. Research has revealed that the tax has the potential of gathering about 58 billion Euros per year. However, the member states of the European Union are still undecided on whether to agree to the proposal (Beck, 2011:73). Great Britain is one of the states that are vehemently opposing the discharge of the FTT. The England admin has highlighted numerous reasons sustaining their negative stand on the concern. This figure represented about 37% of the total overseas exchange appeal in the world. In London, the dollar trade is two times as big as in America. In addition, the Euro trade in the city is over twice the amount traded in the whole EU region (Benton 2003:54). T he United Kingdom’s fiscal services sector is the leading industry in England, having overtaken the production sector in the 1990s. Evidence of this presents itself in the fact that, in the 2009/2010 financial year, the British government raked in 53.4 billion pounds in tax proceeds from the industry. This amount amounted to 11% of the total collection in the country. This amount is significantly larger than the sum of the country’s annual military budget, and is nearly equivalent to the country’s education budget allocation (Stevis, 2012). The county’s monetary services sector represents about 28% of the country’s entire sum of service-related exports, with the banks leading the charge. Due to its status as the biggest financial force, in consideration with all other European Union members, the country stands to be the biggest loser from the introduction of the FTT tax law (Bijlisma, 2011:485). According to the United Kingdom administration, the i mposing of the FTT tax law will greatly affect the overall country’s interest, including destabilizing the economy, and influencing the growth of volatility rates in its markets. In addition, the tax will not bring in any substantial returns. The country has presented to the European Union filed reports detailing the numerous potential damages and adverse effects that the law, if made operational, would inflict on it (The Telegraph, 2012). The government is afraid that the law will discourage derivative trade, increase trading-center volatility, and drastically lessen its markets’ liquidity ratios. In addition, they argue that the tax will lead to higher rates of unemployment, increase the tendency to evade tax among citizens, and greatly deplete the current amount of available tax proceeds (House of Lords.). Research on the potential impacts of the proposed tax has shown that the tax will affect the long-term growth in the EU by 1.75 %. This percentage, when broken do wn, implies to a cost of about 25.55 billion pounds to the UK economy (Boyle, 2009:342). However, the figure is just an average, and analysts forecast that the total sum could be far much larger, considering the country’s uncommonly outsized fiscal sector. In addition, research on the matter reveals that the tax would influence a fall of derivative transactions amounting to about 90%. The country’

Representative and Direct Democracy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Representative and Direct Democracy - Essay Example These systems of governance have many things in common, but despite that, they also have varying differences. The work at hand includes the relevant points linked to the actual differences between representative democracy and direct democracy. In an organization, people are supposed to be encouraged to interact and take their role as integral components of everything that is taking place. In a democratic government, people in as much as possible will have to work out everything for their interest. Policy initiatives will have to be established by the people themselves. There is a form of democracy that allows every member of a group or a nation to take part of the actual decision-making process (Lewis, 2013, p.13). This is a relevant feature of a direct democracy. In this democracy, people, especially those who have right to suffrage are required to take part in the parliament and be part of the making of the law, for instance. This activity might be politically sound if only employed in a small organization, where there is only a considerable number of participating individuals. However, in the case of a country having thousands and millions of people in a population, it might take a longer period of time prior to achieving the actual decision, because everybody, especially those who have established their rights and privileges must be able to take part of the actual making of the law. In other words, it is hard to maintain direct democracy, especially if there is involvement of higher population (Breton, 1997, p.60). Direct democracy was evident in the ancient Athens where especially the free male Athenian citizens at the age of more than 20 had the right to be part of the Assembly (Hansen, 2005, p.45). It is clear that the good thing about direct democracy is its ability to give people the power to decide, especially in voting and choosing their leaders.

ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY - Research Paper Example The proposed research will examine the use of assistive technology in elementary schools, seeking to establish the merits and demerits of such use. Through the research, policymakers, individuals, and the community as a whole will be empowered to make informed decisions on whether to use assistive technology. The expected findings are that the advantages of using assistive technology are more than the disadvantages, and the paper recommends the review of education policies and curriculum to enable more children with disabilities to use assistive devices in learning institutions. Introduction Assistive technology is any product, equipment, or technology that is adapted or specially designed to improve the function of an individual with disability. The use of such technology in the education sector has been on the increase in the recent past, particularly due to the regular advancements in technology experienced in the 21st century. Learners with disabilities are enabled to access curriculum material using the help of assistive technology in reading, hearing, and walking, and as such, their participation in learning is greatly enhanced. However, several barriers to the use of assistive technology in classroom settings have been identified over time, as well as challenges hampering the effectiveness of the technology in learning. These barriers include inadequate funding, lack of knowledge and skills to promote the use of assistive technology, and negative attitudes among learners with disabilities and caregivers towards the use of assistive equipment. Although challenges a nd limitations to widespread use of assistive technology among learners with disabilities abound, assistive technology has many benefits, both to individual users and to the community as a whole. It is therefore necessary to sensitize people on the advantages surrounding the use of assistive technology, and to make them aware of the disadvantages associated with such use, both in the short term and in the long term. Increasing community awareness on the advantages and disadvantages of assistive technology would enable policymakers, individuals, and the larger community to make informed decisions related to assistive technology. Statement of the problem Over time, there has been increasing use of assistive technology to enhance learning among people with disabilities. Studies related to this use have largely focused on the barriers, challenges, and limitations of the practice in the community, with very few examining the advantages and disadvantages of assistive technology. As such, there is need for research to be undertaken with the aim of establishing the merits and demerits of using assistive technology. This paper seeks to propose a study of the advantages and disadvantages of assistive technology, aimed at providing information to individuals, policymakers, and interested individuals in the community on the use of the technology. The study will enable people to make decisions on the use of assistive technology with accurate and reliable information on the advantages and disadvantages of such usage, and will provide both short term and long-term effects of assistive technology. In addition, the study will consider the impacts of assistive technology on the individual user, the caregivers, and the community in which this technology is used, thus providing exhaustive information on the advantages and disadvantages of the technology to all affected parties in the community. Literature review Stumbo, Martin, and Hedrick (2009) observe that assistive technol

Quantum Chemistry: Molecular Geometry of Water Molecule

Quantum Chemistry: Molecular Geometry of Water Molecule Question 1: Optimize the molecular geometry of a water molecule (H2O) at HF/STO-3G level of theory in Gaussian-09 through the GaussView Visualization software package on the desktops provided. Give optimized bond length lengths and angles using this combination of methods and basis set. Ans. Bond Length = 0.98927 Ã… and the Bond Angle H-O-H is 100.035 degrees Recalculate the geometry using an alternative method of your own choice. Ans. Using Semi-empirical (PM6) we get a bond length of 0.94911 Ã… and a Bond Angle H-O-H is 107.488 degrees. Give molecular orbital diagram with drawings of the molecular orbitals. You may have to rerun the calculation with pop=full included.  ­Ans. Molecular orbitals for isolated H-O-H molecule were calculated using Hartree-Fock wave function and STO-3G basis set. [1][2] HOMO (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital) and LUMO (Lowest Occupied Molecular Orbital) HOMO LUMO HOMO: Mainly pz2 is character with no contribution from Hydrogen 1s orbital but contributes to lone pair effects. LUMO: O-H antibonding with greatest electron density around Oxygen atom. Lowest Energy Orbital 1a1 contributed by 1s orbital of Oxygen Atom (approximately spherical). 2nd Lowest Energy Orbital 2a1 (close to non-bonding) contributed mostly by 2s orbital of Oxygen Atom (approximately spherical). Also contributes to O-H bonds. Energy Orbital 1b2 (non-bonding) contributed by 1s orbital of Hydrogen Atom and 2s plus 2px orbitals of Oxygen Atom leading to O-H bonds. Energy Orbital 3a1 (non-bonding) contributed by 1s orbital of Hydrogen Atom and 2s plus 2pz orbitals of Oxygen Atom leading to O-H bonds. Highest occupied molecular orbital 1b1 (non-bonding) with pz2 character. No contribution from Hydrogen atoms. How will the geometry change when and electron from the highest occupied molecular orbital is removed? Calculate the energy of H2O+, i.e. water with a charge of 1 and multiplicity 2. Ans. Using Hartree-Fock Wave Function with STO-3G basis set for a Water molecule with +1 charge and multiplicity 2, we get Bond length = 0.96 Ã… Bond Angle H-O-H = 109.5 degrees Energy of H2O+ = -75.2017003581 A.U. (atomic units) How will the geometry change when an electron is removed from the second highest occupied molecular orbital of H2O? Ans. If an electron is removed from the second highest occupied molecular orbital and electron from the highest occupied molecular orbital will move down to stabilize the oxygen atom and giving it a negative charge leading to a single lone pair. The original water molecule has 2 lone pairs and repulsion leads to a bond angle approximately 104.5 degrees, on removing an electron the repulsion force decreases leading to a larger bond angle but the geometry will remain the same. Calculate the infrared spectrum of water Ans. For Hartree-Fock Wave Function and STO-3G basis set. How will the spectrum change when the hydrogen atoms are replaced by deuterium atoms? Ans. If the hydrogen atoms were replaced by deuterium the mass of the atoms bonding to the oxygen atom increases as deuterium is a heavier isotope that results in a drop in the frequency of vibration of the molecules with similar peaks. How will the spectrum change when the water molecule is in liquid phase rather than in the gas-phase? Ans. For Hartree-Fock Wave Function and STO-3G basis set. Question 2: Do a geometry optimization and frequency for cyclohexane in the chair and boat configurations in the gas phase. Template structures should be available in GaussView. Chose a density functional method and basis set. As this is a relatively large system, I would choose a modest basis set without polarization and diffuse basis functions. Which of the two structures is more stable? Ans. The chair conformer is more stable as compared to boat as the hydrogens in the chair conformation are well separated as compared to the boat conformer leading to less force of repulsion hence less energy and more stability. [3] Calculate the vibrational spectra of both structures. Give a comparison. Ans. Chair Conformation IR Spectra -> Boat Conformation IR Spectra -> More peaks in the IR spectra of the boat conformation due to more interactions. Higher energy due to more interactions as compared to chair conformation. The boat conformation is not stable and is only used for experimental purposes and cannot exist independently. How would you be able to identify percentages of chair and boat configuration from a mixture of the two? Ans. We can easily calculate the percentages of chair to boat by calculating the value of ΆG between chair and boat and equating it to (- RT ln (Q)). The value of Q will give us the ratio of boat to chair conformer in a mixture of two. Chair Conformer Energy Boat Conformer Energy There will be a negligible difference between the energy for Chair Conformer at 10 cycles rather than 9 cycles. Hence, = 28.077 kJ/mol [5] Equating, where R= 0.008314 kJ/molK and T=273.15+27=200.15 K we get, Q=1.29866 * 10^-5 which is the ratio of boat to chair conformer present in the solution. Draw the dipole moment of the chair and boat configuration. Which of those structures will dissolve better in water and why? Ans. Chair conformer of cyclohexane has negligible dipole moment due to symmetry and equal charge distribution. On the other hand Boat conformation of cyclohexane has dipole moment due to the shape of the conformer making it polar due to charge distribution and steric effects. BOAT CONFORMER (Note: Grey spheres are C atoms and Blue spheres are H atoms) Hence the boat conformer is able to dissolve in water but stabilizes soon and turns into the chair conformer making it non-polar and separating it from water. How many different configurations of Fluoro-cyclohexane exist? Draw structures but do not minimize in Gaussian. Ans. Dipole moments of Fluoro-Cyclohexane have increased by a factor of 611.6 as compared to cyclohexane. This explains how the presence of a single fluoride atom instead of a hydrogen impacts the structure and charge distribution of the cyclic hydrocarbon. In turn adding a Fluoride atom also increases the energy of the cyclic hydrocarbon creating less stable structures in boat, twist and half chair increasing and decreasing the amount of other conformers in a solution compared to chair. [4] CHAIR CONFORMER BOAT CONFORMER (NOTE: Grey spheres are C atoms, White Spheres are H atoms and Blue Sphere is F atom) At room temperature only Chair Fluoro-Cyclohexane can exist but may transition between conformations that will be present for negligible time. REFERENCES: http://www.idc-online.com/technical_references/pdfs/chemical_engineering/Molecular_orbitals_for_water.pdf http://butane.chem.uiuc.edu/pshapley/GenChem2/A6/book.pdf https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclohexane_conformation http://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/faculty/reusch/VirtTxtJml/sterism2.htm http://www.virginia.edu/ep/Interactions/Constants_Units__Conversions.htm SOFTWARES: Gaussian(R) 09 Art in the Victorian Era | Analysis of Styles Art in the Victorian Era | Analysis of Styles The Victorian era was an age of peace and prosperity in Great Britain. The Victorian style is developed mainly in Great Britain during the reign of Queen Victoria, who became queen at the age of 18 years old. This movement takes place during the peak of the Industrial Revolution, in this moment, the science, as well as every other aspect of the society, were suffering big changes, with technological advances and a loss on the moral and religious values. This brought a search of rising the social dignity and tried to integrate all the arts in this harmonious and beautiful environment. The Victorian Era begins in 1837 and ends by the beginning of the 20th Century. The Victorian art is eclectic, it gathers the best of other styles, coming back to the Medieval. It uses richly ornamented objects and it has a taste for the naturalist inspired motifs, with great excess and saturation on the forms. A great interest for the daily spaces emerges, specially the dining room, for being a meeting point. The medieval themes are frequently used, full of knights and damsels, and comes back to the representation of religious scenes. Regarding to the painting, the Victorian era is a cult to the classical beauty, to counter the ugly modern world, result of an industrial revolution, where several topics are used, from the religious to the historical, and where the representation of women is recurrent. During the Victorian era, several artists tried to imitate the big former artists, previous the Industrial Revolution. The pre-Raphaelite movement is one of the most important of this period, formed by Dante Gabriel Rosetti, William Holman Hunt and John Everett Millais, mainly. The pre-Raphaelite tried to fight the teaching on the academies, and all the bad that the Industrial Revolution brought, wanting to recover a more spontaneous art, searching for inspiration on the natural, looking up to the big Reinassance artists. The Lady of Shalott, painted in 1888 by John William Waterhouse is a representative painting of this time. This oil on canvas is held nowadays at the Tate in London. This painting tells the story of Elena, the lady of Shalott, who was confined in a tower where she wove day and night. One day, a whisper announced that a terrible curse will await her if she ever looked at Camelot. In this painting we see Elena in a boat on her way to Camelot. The artist shows us a def enceless young lady, wearing a white tunic. She seems exhausted, a woman who has assumed her faith and her death, with a lost gaze and her arms lay in a surrender position. In the boat, Elena is carrying some of her fabrics, in these fabrics we can observe the adventures of the Knights of the Round Table, as well as the love she feels for Lancelot. The English landscape on the background is reduced to simple strokes. The rich colours and details are used to highlight the central figure. Waterhouse gives importance to the atmosphere, giving less importance to the design. It is a composition of isolation and despair. Waterhouse creates a balance in the composition by opposing the pale figure of the woman on one side of the painting with the horizon on the other. He uses warm and autumnal colours, maybe as a symbolism of Elenas imminent death. Waterhouse captures a sense of sorrow, giving Elena a bewildered look, a woman with no control in her life, a possible nod to the political powe r of women at the time. Victorian society was especially harsh on its female subjects, particularly regarding issues of sexuality and chastity. For instance, Augustus Eggs oil, Misfortune, caused a big shock when it was shown for the first time in 1858 at the Royal Academy. This painting is part of a triptych, which tells us the story of an infidelity and the consequences it had for a woman at the time. The subject of this painting was not only controversial but contemporary and topical. The scene happens in the living room, the husband is holding a letter, evidence of his wifes affair. He is looking to his wife, who is laying on the floor, she is wearing two bracelets in both arms that seem like handcuffs, maybe a symbolism of what the marriage supposed to her. There is religious symbolism as well, there is an apple cut in two, placed in two different spheres of the painting, one half on the floor next to the mother, and the other half by the knife on the table next to the father. On the left side of the p ainting, we see the two children playing with cards, they built a tower which is falling apart, symbolism of the marriage of their parents, only the big sister seems to acknowledge what is happening. We can also see a novel of Balzac at the base of the girls, as well as four small significant paintings on the wall, Adam and Eve expelled from the paradise hanging over the wifes portrait, and one of a shipwreck hanging over the husbands portrait. We can observe a pair of scissors on the table, maybe as a symbolism for the break up. The brushwork is precise, paying attention to the details. Dark colours are predominant in this painting, and the light comes from the left side of the painting, tenuously enlightening the room. Augustus Egg represents the deception of the fallen women, which became almost a trademark of the Victorian period, ex.: The Awakening Conscience by William Holman Hunt, in which we find similitudes such as the mirror in both scenes. The mirror in Eggs painting show s us an open door, through which the mother will soon leave. The mirror gives a sensation of depth by showing us the rest of the room. The Victorian era can be summed up in a series of changes caused by the Industrial Revolution. For many people this period represented a step back of all what had been achieved by the time, that will take artists to romanticize previous times, when everything seemed to be simpler, it was a fight against the progress and the unknown, marked by artistic tendencies which searched for a balance between the what it is beautiful and the new, resulting in a greater richness on the design. These two paintings are a representation of the artistic movement during the Victorian era. They both use recurring topics of the period. Bibliography. Rosenblum, R. Modern Painting and the Northern Romantic Tradition: Friederich to Rothko, Icon (Harpe), 1977. Rothenstein, J. Moder English Painters, Arrow Books, 1962. Treble, R. London: Victorian Paintings. The Burlington Magazine 122, no. 925 (1980): 274-77.

school hazing :: essays research papers

People are obsessed with the interrelation between different demeanors. Weather it be art and literature, matching shoes and shirts, or between men and women. We live in a society full of irreverent and dysfunctional relationships. In-fact, we were lucky enough to live during the time of The Break-up Heard 'Round the World, other wise known as when Jennifer Aniston and Brad Pitt broke up. The reason why the masses of literate minds are sucked into this timeless display of courtship is because they themselves have experienced similar relationships and knowing that they are not alone in the miserably bleak world of despair in the vain quest for love and acceptance. The many degrees of alliances, how strong they are, why they are being maintained, and what possible stresses can be applied to them by antagonists are all real world situations. People like to critique other people, and Hamlet is full of many archetype characters. Hamlet is based off of consanguinity, and the ext ream effe ct it has on people. People have aspirations and people want love. The relationships displayed in Hamlet revolve around personal lives clashing around ambitions. Ambitions driven by greed or revenge. "The serpent that did sting thy father's life/Now wears his crown." (Ghost 1,5) Hamlet talks to his fathers ghost and finds out that his uncle, his fathers own brother killed his father. From here on he is driven to get revenge for his fathers death. The rest of the play he puts on an antic disposition so he can get the information he wants and not have to explain why he is acting they way he is. If everyone thinks that Hamlet is crazy then they will not be suspicious. Hamlet is determined at all costs to kill Claudius from then on. "Does it not, think the, stand me now upon-/He that hath killed my king, and whored my mother,/...is't not perfect conscience/ To quit him with this arm?" (Hamlet 5,2) Hamlet is on the brink of killing Claudius and will soon have the chance. "Here, thou incestuous, murderous, damned Dane,/ Drink off this option. Is thy union here?/ Follow my mother." (Hamlet 5,2) This was said after his duel with Leartes, after he knew he was going to die. He makes Claudius drink from the poisoned cup his mother drank from. One of the last things he does is ensure that his vengeance is complete.

Analysis Of Noun Phrase In English And Vietnamese Education Essay

Noun phrases every bit good as other phrases play an of import function in get the hanging any linguistic communication. Without noun phrase, there would hold no agents, no patients, and no receivers. Additionally, no affair how broad our vocabulary may be, a individual word is frequently deficient in showing our thought.. A incompatible analysis between English and Vietnamese is necessary and interesting for learning and analyzing. Almost every linguistic communication has noun phrases, nevertheless, despite holding the same basic construction, they have some differences..This survey aims to research internal and external construction of English and Vietnamese noun phrases so make a comparing between two sorts of NP every bit good as suggest some teaching deductions. I hope through this assignment, both I and the readers will larn something helpful which can use to English instruction and acquisition.Noun phrase in EnglishDefinitions:Le ( 2002 ) defined noun phrase ( NP ) as a group of words get downing with a noun and working appositional. This NP frequently goes right earlier or right after the noun it expresses. Ex-husband: A victim of war, he hated the sight of soldiers. ( A victim of war = he ) Harmonizing to L.H.Nguyen ( 2004 ) , a NP is a group of words with a noun or pronoun as the chief portion ( the caput ) . In his book â€Å" Analyzing English † , Jackson added some more deal about the caput which is â€Å" the minimum demand for the happening of a noun phrase † . Despite the NP is in simple signifier such as â€Å" pupils † or in complex signifier such as â€Å" the narrative about the miss who used to populate at that place † , it must hold a noun or pronoun showing the chief thought.Structure:Basically, a noun phrase consists of 3 chief parts: Pre – Alteration, Head, Post – Alteration. But in some complex NPs, we can see that the Pre – Alteration may incorporate other elements. Based on the theory of NP in the book â€Å" Analyzing English † by Howard Jackson, we have a elaborate expression of NP as followers:Pre – AlterationHeadPost – AlterationPre – clincher ( A ) Identifiers ( B ) Numeral/Quantifier ( C ) Adjectives ( D ) Noun qualifier ( Tocopherol ) N/pro ( F ) Relative clauses, infinite clause, prepositional phrase, adjectives, adverbs. ( G ) Table 1: The construction of a NP in English Now, we will travel into inside informations of the construction of a NP.Pre – AlterationThis portion fundamentally has 5 elements as shown in the above tabular array. The first component is pre-determiners. They are a little group of words which may happen before the identifier in a NP. They besides have quantifier mention ( all, both, half, aˆÂ ¦ ) ; fraction numbers ( one-third, aˆÂ ¦ ) . Following component is identifiers. This component includes articles ( a, an, the ) ; demonstrative ( this, that, these, those ) ; genitives ( my, your, his, aˆÂ ¦ ) . But there is one thing we should pay attending. In any NP, merely merely one identifier may happen, it means that articles, demonstrative and genitives are reciprocally sole. We ca n't state â€Å" that my house † but if we use â€Å" of-phrase † with the genitive pronoun, we can show that NP in another manner â€Å" that book of mine † . In some NPs such as â€Å" five cats † , â€Å" several books † , the pre – alteration here is numerical ( five ) or quantifier ( several ) . Besides, sometimes, we can see the combination of these two elements in some NPs. The frequent sequences are ordinal numerical ( particularly â€Å" first † and â€Å" last † ) + indefinite quantifier ( eg â€Å" the first few hours † ) , ordinal + cardinal ( eg â€Å" the 2nd five yearss † ) , indefinite quantifier + central numerical, particularly circular figure ( eg â€Å" several thousand people † ) ( Nguyen, 2004, p. 44 ) . To magnify the caput noun in some manner, the following component, adjectives, come after the identifier and numerals/quantifiers. However, in instance that several adjectives co-occur in a NP, there is a regulation for their order.nameSizeformagecoloring materialbeginningsubstancepresent participialcapturing Small unit of ammunition old brown Gallic oaken composing tabular array Table 2: The adjectival order The last component is noun qualifiers which come between the adjectives and the caput noun. As we can see, nouns may work non merely as caputs of NP but besides qualifiers in NP. For illustration, in NP â€Å" a kids book † , â€Å" kids † modifies â€Å" book † and â€Å" a kids book † means a book for kids. Beside 5 basic elements mentioned supra, there is one farther sort of pre-modification that is NP in possessive instance. This sort is marked by an ‘s added to the its concluding word ( eg my friend ‘s bike ) .Head:The most usual sort of caput of NP is noun, but in some NPs such as â€Å" She is my best friend † , the caput may be a pronoun of some sort, normally a personal pronoun ( he, she, youaˆÂ ¦ ) . Similarly, Jacobs ( 1995 ) stated that many NPs in English are individual signifiers dwelling possibly merely of a noun or a pronoun. When the caput is a pronoun, it does n't necessitate any alteration, particularly the pre-modification.Kinds of pronoun operation as the caputExamplesPersonal pronoun He, she, you, they, we, aˆÂ ¦ . Indefinite pronoun Person, something, cipher, aˆÂ ¦ †¦ Possessive pronoun His, her, your, their, aˆÂ ¦ Demonstrative pronoun This, that, aˆÂ ¦ Table 3: Kinds of pronoun operation as the caput of NPPost-modificationThis portion is most often followed by phrases or clauses. Three sorts of phrasal/clausal post-modification we frequently see is: comparative clauses, infinite clauses, and prepositional phrases, sometimes we besides see an adjective or an adverb operation as a post-modifier in NP ( Jackson, p.15 ) . A comparative clause consists of a comparative pronoun ( who, whom, which, that, whose, aˆÂ ¦ ) as a caput, which mentions back to the caput noun of NP. If the comparative pronoun ‘s map is object in the comparative clause, we can exclude that comparative pronoun. Infinite clause is clause normally without topics introduced by a infinite signifier of the verb. That sort of clause include 3 sorts: space clause, present participial clause, past participial. In a NP, prepositional phrase occurs most often working as post-modifier.Some illustrations:All the schools in townA B F G ( prepositional phrase )The last few yearssB C C FDong Bang Shin Ki, my favorite music set.F G ( appositional NP )My noisy 4-year-old white Thai catB name age coloring material FThis arch revenue enhancement aggregator ‘s grabbing manusNP Genitive D FThe Korea history which has merely been published.B D F G ( comparative clause )Something of import to makeF ( indefinite pro ) G ( adjectives ) G ( infinite clause )The miss behind youB F G ( adverb )Two Equus caballuss eating grass.A F G ( infinite clause: present participial )A subject vocal composed by Lee So ManB E F G ( infinite clause: past participial )One-third of the populationA B FNoun phrase in VietnameseDefinitions:Mai, Vu and Hoang ( 2006 ) defined NP ( danh nga »? ) is a phrase in which the noun map as the chief portion. Besides, NP in the theory of Doan, Nguyen, Pham ( 2001 ) is a â€Å" free combination of a noun karyon and one or more than one subsidiary elements â€Å" which can be front elements standing before the nucleus noun or can be end elements standing after the nucleus noun.Structure:As a phrase, NP in Vietnamese besides has three chief parts: Pre-Modification ( Front Element ) , Head ( Nucleus ) , Post-Modification ( End Element ) . More elaborate, harmonizing to Mai et Al. ‘s theory ( pp. 276-280 ) , the construction of NP in Vietnamese can be described as followers: Tat ca nha »?ng Cai con meo A‘en ay ( -3 ) ( -2 ) ( -1 ) Head noun ( 0 ) ( 1 ) ( 2 ) Table 4: The construction of a NP in VietnameseFront elementsAs we can see from the tabular array, the elements in the place ( -3 ) , ( -2 ) and ( -1 ) are called front elements, while the elements standing after the karyon ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) are called end elements. Those elements are placed in a stable manner as shown in the above tabular array. In footings of the front elements, we have three sorts. In the place ( -1 ) , quantifiers such as â€Å" tat ca † , â€Å" tat thay † , â€Å" hat thay † , â€Å" hat ca † , â€Å" ca † , aˆÂ ¦.are used. Those words can happen before: definite numbers: ma »Ã¢â€ž ¢t, hai, Ba, ba »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœn, aˆÂ ¦ Ex-husband: tat ca ba »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœn m? °i sinh vien ( 1 ) corporate nouns: A‘an, lA © , bo , ba »Ã¢â€ž ¢ , nam, aˆÂ ¦ . Ex-husband: ca lA © con trai general nouns: qua? §n, ao, binh, linh, xe ca »Ã¢â€ž ¢ , may moc, aˆÂ ¦ Ex-husband: hat thay may moc Let ‘s pay attending to the quantifiers such as â€Å" tat ca † , â€Å" tat thay † , â€Å" hat thay † , â€Å" hat ca † , â€Å" ca † , aˆÂ ¦.From the illustrations above, we can see that such those quantifiers occur before the caput noun. Now, taking the first illustration, is it right if we say it in such a manner â€Å" ba »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœn m? °i sinh vien tat ca † ? Actually, in footings of grammar, it is right but the significance is different. The NP â€Å" tat ca ba »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœn m? °i sinh vien † means that no pupils are left, but in â€Å" ba »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœn m? °i sinh vien tat ca † , there are some pupils left. So, we can reason that â€Å" tat ca † can stand before and after the caput noun depending on the talker ‘s attending. Diep Quang Ban ( 2000 ) stated that place ( -2 ) is the topographic point taken by word category as followers:Definite numeral/ central figure ( ta »Ã‚ « cha »Ã¢â‚¬ ° sa »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ l? °a »?ng xac A‘a »Ã¢â‚¬ ¹nh/sa »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ ta »Ã‚ « )Ma »Ã¢â€ž ¢t, hai, Ba, ba »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœn, m? °a »?i, trA?m aˆÂ ¦.. M? °a »?i con meoEstimate quantifier ( ta »Ã‚ « cha »Ã¢â‚¬ ° sa »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ pha »?ng A‘a »Ã¢â‚¬ ¹nh )Vai, vai Ba, dA?m, m? °i, aˆÂ ¦ vai Ba khach hangAllocating words ( ta »Ã‚ « ham y phan pha »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœi )Ma »-i, ma »Ã¢â€ž ¢t, ta »Ã‚ «ng, aˆÂ ¦ Ma »-i cong danArticles ( quan ta »Ã‚ « )Nha »?ng, cac, ma »Ã¢â€ž ¢t, .. Nha »?ng bac sA ©Word â€Å" may †May con ga nay Table 5: the place ( -2 ) in a NP in Vietnamese However, we should pay attending that such elements as â€Å" vai, vai Ba, dA?m, aˆÂ ¦ † can non co-exist with the quantifiers such as â€Å" tat ca † , â€Å" tat thay † , â€Å" hat thay † , â€Å" hat ca † , â€Å" ca † in the place ( -3 ) . In footings of the place ( -1 ) , Diep Quang Ban ( 2000 ) stated that it is taken by the deictic word â€Å" cai † ( ta »Ã‚ « cha »Ã¢â‚¬ ° xuat ) in order to stress things mentioned in the caput noun. However, sometimes, â€Å" cai † is replaced by another deictic word such as â€Å" con † in NP â€Å" con ng? °a »?i ay † . In Vietnamese NP, â€Å" cai † occurs before the caput noun and can step in between a numerical ( if there is one ) and the classifier or a step phrase. It may be preceded by other pre-noun qualifiers such as quantifiers, numbers, and articles. It must ever coincide with a classifier as in â€Å" ba cai cua »Ã¢â€ž ¢n len kia â€Å" or â€Å" ba cai thung n? °a »Ã¢â‚¬ ºc nay † . Besides, â€Å" cai † is sometimes mistaken with the homonymic classifier â€Å" cai † , but it ‘s different from classifier cai every bit good as other classifiers in term of distribution and map. When â€Å" ca i † precedes a count noun, the usage of a classifier is obligatory, as shown in ( a ) . However, â€Å" cai † can non be used before the homonymic classifier as shown in ( B ) Ba cai cua »Ã¢â€ž ¢n len ( correct ) Ba cai cai chen ( incorrect ) Normally, with the presence of the deictic word, the noun is demonstrative like â€Å" nay † , â€Å" kia † , â€Å" ay † , aˆÂ ¦ . ( eg: cai tha? ±ng nhoc nay ) . But, in spoken linguistic communication, we frequently see that the demonstratives are omitted, like â€Å" cai tha? ±ng nhoc † .The karyon ( head noun ) :Harmonizing to Dinh Dien ( n.d ) , the karyon ( place ( 0 ) ) may be a noun ( boy, teacher, cat, houseaˆÂ ¦ ) or a combination between a classifier ( danh ta »Ã‚ « cha »Ã¢â‚¬ ° loai ) and the caput noun such as â€Å" con ng? °a »?i † , â€Å" quya »?n sach † , â€Å" may say † . Otherwise, the caput noun may be a classifier followed by a descriptive free word bunch ( ta »Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ ha »?p ta »Ã‚ « ta »Ã‚ ± do mieu ta ) such as â€Å" hai ng? °a »?i A‘ang nga »Ã¢â‚¬Å"i noi chuya »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡n A‘a? ±ng kia † , â€Å" nha »?ng via »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡c ban hom ba »?a † A dditionally, words which are non nouns can besides be the caput due to the talking wont of Vietnamese. For illustration, we can shorten the NP â€Å" hai ca »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœc ca phe A‘en † into the NP â€Å" hai A‘en † . Some Vietnamese classifiers are normally used: caiA : used for most inanimate objects ( cai ban, cai gha , .. ) con: normally for animate beings and kids ( con be ) , but can be used to depict some inanimate objects ( con dao, con A‘? °a »?ng ) bai: used for composings like vocals, drawings, verse forms, essays, etc ( bai th , bai hat, .. ) cay: used for stick-like objects ( cay ph? °a »?ng, cay sung, aˆÂ ¦ ) toa: edifices of authorization: tribunals, halls, â€Å" tusk towers † ( toa nha , .. ) qua/trai: used for ball-shaped objects ( qua chua »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœi, trai A‘at, .. ) quya »?n/cua »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœn: used for book-like objects ( cua »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœn sach, quya »?n tap chi , .. ) ta »? : sheets and other thin objects made of paper ( ta »? giay, ta »? bao, .. ) la : smaller sheets of paper ( la th , la bai, aˆÂ ¦ ) via »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡c: an event or an on-going procedure ( via »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡c kinh doanh, via »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡c ha »?c, aˆÂ ¦ )End elements:Doan et Al. classified the terminal elements in footings of portion of address, construction, manner of connexion, order of some elements. c.1 ) In footings of portion of address: noun la »Ã¢â‚¬ ºp ngoai nga »? verb la »Ã¢â‚¬ ºp giao tiap adjectival la »Ã¢â‚¬ ºp A‘ong central numerical la »Ã¢â‚¬ ºp 4 noun of topographic point la »Ã¢â‚¬ ºp tren la? §u noun of clip la »Ã¢â‚¬ ºp bua »Ã¢â‚¬ ¢i ta »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœi pronoun la »Ã¢â‚¬ ºp ca »Ã‚ §a toi Table 6: The terminal elements in Vietnamese NP in footings of portion of address c.2 ) In footings of construction: A chief – accessary phrase: sach vA?n ha »?c Ma »? A co-ordinated phrase: sach nghe va noi A S-V phrase: sach ma toi va »Ã‚ «a mua c.3 ) In footings of manner of connexion: Direct ways ( eg: tinh tha? §n thep, mat ba »Ã¢â‚¬Å" cauaˆÂ ¦ ) Indirect ways ( eg: ba »Ã¢â€ž ¢ phim ma anh thich, bai viat ma toi va »Ã‚ «a hoan thanh ) c.4 ) In footings of the undermentioned order: The nucleus i? A i? B ( a, B, degree Celsius, vitamin D ) i? CABacillusCgoes with the karyon to organize a phrase ( a compound noun ) describes the features of the object that the karyon mentioned Ex-husband: phong khach ra »Ã¢â€ž ¢ng, ban lam via »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡c American ginseng tra »?ng, aˆÂ ¦ . demonstrative pronouns such as â€Å" nay, ay, A‘o † aˆÂ ¦ a B C vitamin D a noun, a verb or an adjectival â€Å" va »? + noun † or â€Å" ba? ±ng + noun † â€Å" ca »Ã‚ §a + noun † or â€Å" a »Y + noun † Clauses Table 6: The terminal elements in Vietnamese NP in footings of some elements ‘ order. Something about demonstratives may do you misconstruing if we arrange them in different order. For illustration, compare two NPs â€Å" via »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡c ay ca »Ã‚ §a anh † and â€Å" via »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡c ca »Ã‚ §a anh ay † , we can see the difference in significance here due to our talking modulation. In the first NP, if we speak with a level modulation, we can understand it as â€Å" his work † , whereas, if we speak with a raising modulation at â€Å" ay † in the 2nd NP, it can be understood that â€Å" it ‘s your work, non others ‘ work † .Some illustrations:Tat ca nha »?ng cai vay A‘en ba? ±ng denims a »Y store Cass ma ca? ­u( -1 ) ( -2 ) ( -3 ) ( 0 ) ( 1 ) ( ai? bi? ci? vitamin D )th? °a »?ng thay A‘o( 2 )B ) A °a »?ng A‘ua sa »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 2 a »Y tr? °a »Ã¢â‚¬ ºc ma? ·t ( Diep, 2000, p. 60 )( 0 ) ( 1 ) ( central numberi? degree Celsius )degree Celsius ) Nha »?ng tha? ±ng nhoc ngha »Ã¢â‚¬ ¹ ch nga »?m ay( -2 ) ( 0 ) ( 1 ) ( adjectival ) ( 2 )vitamin D ) San nha qi ma »Ã¢â‚¬ ºi lau( 0 ) ( 1 ) ( S-V phrase )vitamin E ) Cai cua »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœn tap chi a »Y tren ka »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ A‘o( -1 ) ( 0 ) ( 1 ) ( degree Celsius ) ( 2 )A comparing of English NP and Vietnamese NPFrom what we discuss above about the NP in English and Vietnamese, we can see that both of them have a basic construction: pre-modification, caput, post-modification. . However, there are still some differences between them. We will discourse some singular similarities and differences in the places of pre-modification and post-modification in English and Vietnamese NP.First, in both English and Vietnamese NP, quantifier, numbers, fractions stand before the caput noun.( a ) All those old chairsQuantifier caput noun( B ) Several thousand peoplenumerical caput noun( degree Celsius ) One-third of my pupilsfraction caput noun( a ) Tat ca nha »?ng cai gha cA © A‘oquantifier caput noun adjectival( B ) V ai ngan ng? °a »?inumerical caput noun( degree Celsius ) Ma »Ã¢â€ž ¢t pha? §n Ba sa »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ ha »?c sinh ca »Ã‚ §a toifraction caput nounSecond, demonstrative, ordinal Numberss, genitives come before the caput noun in English but after the caput noun in Vietnamese.That big brick housedemonstrative caput nounThe 2nd circuit to Koreaordinal figure caput nounMy favorite spicy nutrientgenitive caput noun( a ) Ngoi nha ba? ±ng gach to la »Ã¢â‚¬ ºn A‘ocaput noun demonstrative( B ) Chuyan du la »Ã¢â‚¬ ¹ch tha »Ã‚ © hai A‘an Han Qua »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœccaput noun ordinal figure( degree Celsius ) Tha »Ã‚ ©c A?n key yeu thich ca »Ã‚ §a toicaput noun genitiveThird, in footings of adjectives, we put them in forepart of the caput noun in English NP but in Vietnamese, we put them after the caput noun.Ex-husband: cai ban mau nau lam ba? ±ng ga »- xoaicaput noun. adjectivesA brown oaken tabular array.adjectives head noun.However, in some instances, adjectives come a fter the caput noun in English NP such as â€Å" something unusual † , â€Å" person brave † , aˆÂ ¦ Additionally, the order of adjectives qualifiers in English is instead fixed ( name, size, form, age, coloring material, beginning, substance, present participial ) whereas that in Vietnamese NP may be exchanged, based on the talker ‘s attending. For illustration, in English, we merely have merely one order â€Å" a reasonably bluish skirt † but when we say in Vietnamese, there are 2 ways â€Å" ma »Ã¢â€ž ¢t chiac vay mau xanh district attorney tra »?i xinh xan † and â€Å" ma »Ã¢â€ž ¢t chiac vay xinh xan mau xanh district attorney tra »?i † . Furthermore, in English NP, the happening of nouns and clinchers is obligatory but optional in Vietnamese NP. So, if we translate the phrase â€Å" cua »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœn sach tren ban † into Vietnamese, it will be â€Å" book on tabular array † . Is it right? As you see, the true phrase should be â€Å" the book on the tabular array † . In Vietnamese, classifiers are by and large obligatory in numerated NP whereas in English, we do n't usually utilize classifiers before nouns, except some particular words â€Å" a brace of places † , â€Å" a loaf of staff of life † aˆÂ ¦ . Ex-husband: In English, we say â€Å" two books † but in Vietnamese, we say â€Å" hai cua »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœn sach † . The following difference I want to advert is the place of noun qualifiers. In English NP, they come before a caput noun but in Vietnamese, they come after the caput noun. Nevertheless, in some instances in Vietnamese, noun qualifiers precedes the caput noun ( eg ma »Ã¢â€ž ¢t thi nhan, ma »Ã¢â€ž ¢t ca »? tha »Ã‚ § , .. ) A concert dance category A bundle circuit A summer run ( a ) Ma »Ã¢â€ž ¢t la »Ã¢â‚¬ ºp Ba le ( B ) Chuyan du la »Ã¢â‚¬ ¹ch tra »?n goi ( degree Celsius ) chian da »Ã¢â‚¬ ¹ch mua he Last but non least, sometimes there are some equivocal constructions that cause us baffled. In Vietnamese, what comes into people ‘s head foremost is spoken foremost is the common regulation, which is besides a natural order of people ‘s thought ( Dinh, n.d, p. 11 ) . Let ‘s take a NP as an illustration. How many ways you can state the English NP â€Å" a new Korean leather coat † ? We have â€Å" ma »Ã¢â€ž ¢t cai ao khoac ma »Ã¢â‚¬ ºi ba? ±ng long thu ca »Ã‚ §a Han Qua »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœc † or â€Å" ma »Ã¢â€ž ¢t cai ao khoac Han Qua »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœc ba? ±ng long thu ma »Ã¢â‚¬ ºi † and â€Å" ma »Ã¢â€ž ¢t cai ao khoac ba? ±ng long thu Han Qua »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœc ma »Ã¢â‚¬ ºi † . It seems that in the English NP, the place of pre-modifiers and post-premodifiers are non so free and flexible as that in Vietnamese NPDeduction in English instruction and acquisitionLearners of English may hold some troubles such as how to interpret from English into Vietnamese and frailty versa due to the differences in the place of pre-modifiers and post-modifiers we have merely mentioned above ( for illustration: ma »Ã¢â€ž ¢t quya »?n sach hay – a book good or a book interesting. They may besides be in problem with the order of the adjectives in a instead long noun phrase with many adjectives. Which adjective come foremost? Which one will come next? Where should we set those adjectives. Vietnamese pupils may happen it hard to retrieve all the places due to the wont of puting the adjectives after the caput noun and utilizing them flexibly. Knowing clearly about English NP and Vietnamese NP, particularly the differences every bit good as the common errors that Vietnamese scholars frequently meet will assist the instructors guide their pupils right. In other words, scholars can cognize their errors from the beginning so that they can happen it easy to larn English subsequently, particularly grammar. Based on the cognition of English NP and Vietnamese NP, the instructors besides design the undertakings for pupils to consolidate and pattern cognition of phrases and sentences in both two linguistic communications.DecisionIn decision, although NP in English and Vietnamese has the same basic construction ( pre-modification, caput, post-modification ) , they are non the same in the word order of pre-modification and post-modification. These differences are caused by the unsimilarity in thought and talking wont of English and Vietnamese. As a pupil every bit good as a teacher-to-be, this research helps me a batch. When making t his assignment, I have a opportunity to consolidate my cognition of both English and Vietnamese and cognize something new and helpful. With what I learn from this research, I will use to my survey and learning calling.