Free Essays on A Visual Analysis Of “Jonah Cast Up”

A collection of marble sculptures called the â€Å"Jonah Group† is now on display at the Cleveland Art Museum. â€Å"Jonah Swallowed, Jonah Cast Up, Jonah Praying, Jonah Under the Gourd Vine, and The Good Shepherd,† are the separate titles for each of the different statues depicting events in the Bible story. They are part of the John L. Severance Fund; numbered 1965.237, .238, .239, .240, .241 respectively. The â€Å"Jonah Group† was created in Asia minor, approximately 270 to 280 AD. These statues most likely decorated the water fountain in a wealthy private home. This visual Analysis focuses on â€Å"Jonah Cast Up.† â€Å"Jonah Cast Up,† this sculpture portrays the miraculous event of Jonah being spit out of the Whale. It consists of a strangely shaped whale lying on its stomach. The whale arches its back so that the curvy tail twists up over its head. Shooting out of the whale’s mouth is Jonah. He is halfway out head first with his arms o utstretched straight above his head. The figures rest on a rectangle base that is roughly 3 inches tall and approximately a square foot in area. The whole sculpture is 15 inches tall, 16 inches long, and 81/2 inches wide. The Jonah figure is missing a left hand which has broken off over time. It is a statue showing action and movement by the way Jonah is being cast up and out of the whale’s mouth. The sculpture, as all of â€Å"The Jonah Group,† is constructed of white marble from Roman Imperial quarries in Ancient Phrygia. Having been unearthed from a large pithos in central turkey, nearly fifty percent of the sculpture’s surface remains covered with a thin layer of light brown dirt or dust. The surface is so smoothly shaped that the stone looks soft to the touch. Under an outdoor fountain, the wet statue would have a brilliant white shine. The figure of Jonah has a well proportioned, muscular, upper body sculpted resembling a Greek God. He has a full beard and wavy flowing hair. In this sculpture,... Free Essays on A Visual Analysis Of â€Å"Jonah Cast Up† Free Essays on A Visual Analysis Of â€Å"Jonah Cast Up† A collection of marble sculptures called the â€Å"Jonah Group† is now on display at the Cleveland Art Museum. â€Å"Jonah Swallowed, Jonah Cast Up, Jonah Praying, Jonah Under the Gourd Vine, and The Good Shepherd,† are the separate titles for each of the different statues depicting events in the Bible story. They are part of the John L. Severance Fund; numbered 1965.237, .238, .239, .240, .241 respectively. The â€Å"Jonah Group† was created in Asia minor, approximately 270 to 280 AD. These statues most likely decorated the water fountain in a wealthy private home. This visual Analysis focuses on â€Å"Jonah Cast Up.† â€Å"Jonah Cast Up,† this sculpture portrays the miraculous event of Jonah being spit out of the Whale. It consists of a strangely shaped whale lying on its stomach. The whale arches its back so that the curvy tail twists up over its head. Shooting out of the whale’s mouth is Jonah. He is halfway out head first with his arms o utstretched straight above his head. The figures rest on a rectangle base that is roughly 3 inches tall and approximately a square foot in area. The whole sculpture is 15 inches tall, 16 inches long, and 81/2 inches wide. The Jonah figure is missing a left hand which has broken off over time. It is a statue showing action and movement by the way Jonah is being cast up and out of the whale’s mouth. The sculpture, as all of â€Å"The Jonah Group,† is constructed of white marble from Roman Imperial quarries in Ancient Phrygia. Having been unearthed from a large pithos in central turkey, nearly fifty percent of the sculpture’s surface remains covered with a thin layer of light brown dirt or dust. The surface is so smoothly shaped that the stone looks soft to the touch. Under an outdoor fountain, the wet statue would have a brilliant white shine. The figure of Jonah has a well proportioned, muscular, upper body sculpted resembling a Greek God. He has a full beard and wavy flowing hair. In this sculpture,...

The History of Dr Pepper and inventor Charles Alderton

The History of Dr Pepper and inventor Charles Alderton In 1885, in Waco, Texas, a young Brooklyn-born pharmacist named Charles Alderton invented a new soft drink that would soon become known as Dr Pepper. The carbonated beverage was marketed as having a unique flavor all its own. More than 130 years later, the brand can still be found on shelves and in refrigerated store coolers worldwide. Alderton worked at Morrisons Old Corner Drug Store in Waco, Texas, where carbonated drinks were served at the soda fountain. While there, he began experimenting with his own soft drink recipes. One, in particular, was fast becoming a big hit with customers, who originally ordered the concoction by asking Alderton to shoot them a Waco. As the soft drinks popularity grew, Alderton and Morrison had trouble manufacturing enough Dr Pepper to keep up with the demand for the product. Robert S. Lazenby, owner of the Circle A Ginger Ale Company in Waco, had been impressed with Dr Pepper and was interested in manufacturing, bottling, and distributing the soft drink. Alderton, who had no desire to pursue the business and manufacturing end, he agreed to let Morrison and Lazenby take over. Fast Facts: Dr Pepper The U.S. Patent Office recognizes December 1, 1885, as the first time Dr Pepper was served.In 1891, Morrison and Lazenby formed the Artesian Mfg. Bottling Company, which later became the Dr Pepper Company.In 1904, the company introduced Dr Pepper to 20 million people attending the 1904 Worlds Fair Exposition in St. Louis- the same Worlds Fair that introduced hamburger and hot dog buns and ice cream cones to the public.The Dr Pepper Company is the oldest major manufacturer of soft drink concentrates and syrups in the United States.Dr Pepper is now also sold in the United States, Europe, Asia, Canada, Mexico, and South America, as well as New Zealand and South Africa as an imported good.Varieties of Dr Pepper include a version without high-fructose corn syrup, Diet Dr Pepper, as well as a line of additional flavors first introduced in the 2000s. The Dr Pepper Name There are several theories regarding the origin of the Dr Pepper name. In some versions of the tale, drugstore owner Morrison is credited with naming the drink Dr. Pepper in honor of his friend, Dr. Charles Pepper, while in others, Alderton is said to have gotten one of his first jobs working for Dr. Pepper, and named the soft drink as a nod to his early employer. Another theory is that the pep refers to pepsin, an enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides. Pepsin is produced in the stomach and is one of the main digestive enzymes in the digestive systems of humans and many other animals, where it helps digest the proteins in food. Or it might have been something more simple. As with many early sodas of the era, Dr Pepper was marketed as a brain tonic and energizing pick-me-up. The pep in Pepper might literally have been named for the lift it supposedly imparted to those who drank it. In the 1950s, the Dr Pepper logo was redesigned. In the new version, the text was slanted and the font was changed. Designers felt that the period made Dr. look like Di: so for reasons of style and legibility, the period was dropped- but to paraphrase Shakespeare, no matter what you call it, a Dr Pepper by any other name would taste as sweet.

Was Jesus Like Adam Before or After the Fall Research Paper

Was Jesus Like Adam Before or After the Fall - Research Paper Example In other words, Jesus was reached by sin but not contaminated. Outline Adam, Sin and Its Consequences to the World A. The Nature of Adam Before the fall According to Cairus, God created man in his own likeness, and gave man dominion over the earth. He created man to not only sing his praises, to manifest his glory and worship Him, but also to create a fellowship with Him. Man was created in God’s image, but was not a reflection of God, but was more like a painting – Cairus makes the example that the sun may reflect upon the water, and this is an image of the sun; a painting may also make an image of the sun. One, the reflection upon the water, represents the sun itself making an image; the other consists of a creation of the sun on a canvas. The way that God made man was more like the painting then the reflection upon the water. So, like a van Gogh making a self-portrait, God essentially created a self-portrait when he created man. Moreover, only man was created in the image of God, according to Cairus, and this was shown by the fact that the land the creatures of the world, created before God, were pronounced â€Å"g ood,† while the creation of man was pronounced by God to be â€Å"very good.† ... Cairus solves this conundrum by stating that the reason for this is God gave man â€Å"freedom† or free will. This is what makes man autonomous and individual, as opposed to being merely a reflection and image of God. Adam was given this freedom, and, when he was created he was considered to be â€Å"innocent† - this means that he was not yet tempted by sin, therefore he was pure and without sin. Adam and Eve, who was created from Adam's rib, were God's helpers on earth, and were created to serve Him and enjoy a happy communion with Him in paradise.3 God created Adam and Eve as a pair, and He celebrated the first marriage. God also stated that, as long as the first pair did not betray Him, that they could live in paradise for eternity and have dominion over all things.4 Fowler states that Adam and Eve, as the first representatives of humankind came to earth after a divine council, and the members of the Godhead chose to make mankind in the image of God. The dominion, co upled with the fact that man was created in God's image, meant that Adam and Eve were â€Å"crowned in God's glory and honor,† according to Fowler.5 Since they were created by God, Fowler states that they were to be totally obedient to God, and pledge allegiance only to Him. For Him, Adam and Eve were to give unconditional love and obedience, unreserved praise and absolute gratitude. They were also commanded to hold no other divinity above God. This would include the person's self – the self must never come before God, and this was one of the commandments upon Adam.6 Essentially, Adam was to put nothing before God, and put nothing between himself and God, and must reject the temptation to equate the self with

CMM-Media and Society - Discuss Pozner Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CMM-Media and Society - Discuss Pozner - Essay Example Since women are called the jealous gender, they are also given the title of being untrustworthy. And all this is simply a result of television shows making up our minds for us. We regularly watch such shows where women are shown trying to steal other women’s boyfriends and husbands; where they are competing with their own gender and planning against them; where they are trying to harm other women and getting a weird kind of satisfaction through it. And the reason behind television portraying such a view of women is that these kinds of shows are more popular among those who have nothing better to do than pass time. Besides, it serves as comedy and entertainment shows for the less intellectuals. Again, it is mainly about ratings and where there is a catfight there will be bound to be an audience for it. Such has become the mentality of our people and the television takes full advantage of

Week Four Assignment Essay Example for Free

Week Four Assignment Essay All Americans regardless of their economic standing in the community deserve access to essential and quality preventative, and primary healthcare. Those Americans who currently fall under the â€Å"publicly insured† category (Medicaid), and the medically uninsured, are at similar risk for delayed or non-existent required medical care. Establishing a free, 24 hour accessible Shelby County Primary Care Clinic would eliminate patient medical care delay, and result in large scale overall savings in projected annual medical care costs. (So You Want to Start a Health Center?, 2011) The advantage of free and charitable medical clinics vs. federally funded medical clinics reaches beyond the access to quality care component. Free and charitable clinics are at a financial advantage typically, due to many varying factors. Federally funded clinics fall under the financial responsibility of Federal Government grants, Medicare, state government/Medicaid reimbursement, insurance payers, self-pay, public and private gifts and grants. Free and charitable clinics are financially supported by grants and donations, exclusively. Volunteers provide most if not all primary care, specialty care, dental care and vision care which eliminates a direct savings of 1.28 million for future healthcare costs. (Comparison of Free Charitable Clinics to Federally Funded Clinics, n.d.) The Shelby County community has a longstanding history of community members that struggle to afford basic primary healthcare. Majority of those who reside in this area work non-union, blue-collar jobs that do not provide â€Å"sick† time or the ability to take time off to meet medical needs. Oftentimes, a community member will make just above the poverty level each month to ensure they do not qualify for Medicaid/Medicare, but not enough to afford the standard monthly costs  of medical insurance. Medical issues that could easily be resolved with one or two primary care appointments, end up becoming a medical emergency often times of high expense. The establishment of a 24 hour accessible free medical clinic in the Shelby County comm unity, physically accessible to all, would provide the necessary gap-fill for those who aren’t Medicaid/Medicare applicable. (Why Free Medical Clinics Benefit Everyone, n.d.) Many prepatory considerations must be made in order to ensure the successful establishment and functioning of any free medical clinic. Support of local area hospitals is essential, in order to provide the ancillary services needed such as lab work, radiology/x-rays, and medical providers willing to volunteer both for services provided, and to be members of the respective clinic Board. An acceptable and effective business and strategic plan must be developed and in place prior to the establishment of any free medical clinic. Volunteer staff need to be abreast of all HIPPA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) regulations, and the process of credentialing providers, in order to fall under the established medical legal guidelines. A Standard of Clinic Operating Procedures must be created and in place, prior to any clinic operations actually occurring, so all volunteers are educated in the many facets of their job responsibilities and clinic procedures. (OhioFreeClinics.o rg, n.d.) (So You Want to Start a Health Center?, 2011) The result of providing free medical care for those in need is not simply an improved medical and physical state, however important this factor is. The result of preventative care that comes from regular primary care appointments, can eliminate the crowding of emergency rooms for primary care issues such as blood pressure, common colds, asthma (non- emergent) and diabetes (maintenance). When â€Å"standard† primary care issues are managed with education, medication and follow up, patients are stable to live and work without issue. Patients who can afford care are not charged increased amounts to cover for the loss of those who need care, and cannot pay. Businesses avoid losing millions of dollars a year that typically result from productivity loss, due to illness and medical emergency. (Why Free Medical Clinics Benefit Everyone, n.d.) (Kiesel, 2013) Shelby County would not only benefit financially with the implementation of a free medical clinic, but the overall quality of life for those who reside in this county would improve exponentially. Families will no longer have to panic when a  child becomes sick or injured, and does not qualify for Medicaid/Medicare. Businesses do not lose valuable man-hours due to illnesses not treated and managed, resulting in time off work. Pregnant mothers have access to medical care and choices outside of the Medicaid/Medicare system. The positive results coming from this potential endeavor are not just immediate or financial, but continue and expand over time, in the improvement of life in Shelby County as a whole. (Why Free Medical Clinics Benefit Everyone, n.d.) References Comparison of Free Charitable Clinics to Federally Funded Clinics. (n.d.). Retrieved from NAFC: http://nafcclinics.org/sites/default/files/Comparison%20of%20Free%20clinics%20to%20FQHS%202012.pdf Kiesel, L. (2013, December 26). Free Medical Clinics Might Save Millions. Retrieved from The Street: http://www.thestreet.com/story/12176795/1/free-medical-clinics-might-save-millions.html OhioFreeClinics.org. (n.d.). Retrieved from Starting a Free Clinic/A Volunteers in Health Care Guide: http://www.ohiofreeclinics.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/VIHStartingFreeClinic.pdf So You Want to Start a Health Center? (2011, July). Retrieved from NACH: http://www.nachc.com/client/documents/So%20you%20want%20to%20Start-Final%20July%202011.pdf Understanding Health Information Privacy. (n.d.). Retrieved from HHS.gov: http://www.hhs.gov/ocr/privacy/hipaa/understanding/ Why Free Medical Clinics Benefit Everyone. (n.d.). Retrieved from Friendship Medical Clinic: http://www.friendshipmedicalclinic.org/about /benefit.html

Fascism And Communism Essay -- Communism Essays

. Fascism and Communism are two different forms of government that were very similar. Fascism is a 20th century form of nationalistic, militaristic, totalitarian dictatorship that seeks to create a feasible society through strict regimentation of national and individual lives. Communism is type of government in which there is no private property and the government controls the entire economy. Communism tries to satisfy the basic needs of society by sharing work and benefits. Both theories were dictatorships that at first were loved by the people and soon later hated by them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In October of 1922 Mussolini was named the premier. He used his militia to purge local governments of any opposition to Fascism. Under the worsening conditions when Italy was about to collapse, the Fascists party appealed to the frustrations of soldiers and the middle class. The Fascists offered a return to traditional values, promising to bring Italy back to a position of glory again. Most importantly, the Fascist’s offered to do something about the deteriorating conditions. On October 24, 1917, Bolshevik forces and their allies began seizing essential centers of power. By the next morning, the Bolsheviks informed the still- assembled congress of soviets that they had taken power in the name of the Russian worker and peasant and had established a temporary government. The events of October introduced a single Communist government in Russia for the first time. Non- Bolshev...

Deepest Fear

My deepest fear is fear within itself. In life there is no failure but only feedback. Being presented with different obstacles and making sufficient decisions in my life's path, has made me who i am today. As a child, my family always taught me that I must perform to the best of my abilities as a person in order to succeed in whatever I  pursue in life. As a child growing up in Clinton Public School Districts wasn’t such a walk in the park because success was the only option and the key to your future.It took me a while to understand everything I was brought up against as a student there but it made me learn a great deal about the diversity of cultures and how others may perceive the world differently than I would. It made me understand the concept when it came to things I can manage, with others that I cannot. Being a student at Clinton High made me realize that I could do anything to my fullest potential if I put forth effort.I had also overcame the feeling of being unlove d, abused and mistreated by someone I thought cared tremendously about me. I received many awards and recognitions throughout my school years such as hardworking, dedication, good Spirit, track Awards and many more. I participated in the choir, track, basketball, the Spanish club, pure guidance club, FCA (fellowship with Christians Association), help serve at the stewpot and many more.On May 25, 2012 not only did I overcome my fear of failure and doubt but I proved everyone one whoever went up against me wrong. This was the day that I rejoiced because I graduated from Clinton High School with a clean record, no baby and an acceptance letter to one of the top African American Schools in the state of Mississippi, Jackson State University.I believe majoring in Computer Science will be a great experience because I love computers and technology is my greatest strength. It will better me when it comes to dealing with things hands-on and challenge my thinking process even more. I believe a lso, that majoring in Computer Science will also build me up as a person because setbacks in one's life better prepare one  for the greater challenges that will lie ahead.

Culture Is Pervasive in All Marketing Activities Essay

It is a widely accepted tenet of marketing that consumers are not homogenous and that their specific tastes, characteristics and desires will influence their response to marketing activities and advertising (Jeannet and Hennessey, 2004; Kotler and Keller, 2006, p. 52). At the same time, it is also accepted that consumers in different cultures tend to have different demographic profiles, lifestyles, values and economic priorities (Yucelt, 2000, p. 59). As a result, it is clear that consumers in different cultures are very likely to have different needs and responses to marketing and advertising. This in turn implies that culture will have a pervasive impact in influencing marketing activities, and businesses will have to take account of cultural factors if they are to successfully advertise to consumers in different cultures. This piece will critically review the extent to which culture is pervasive in all marketing activities; particularly in the creation and implementation of advertising strategies, and the implications for marketing and advertising activity. Culture is pervasive in all marketing activities Not only is this argument supported by the theory, but it has also been strongly supported by the empirical evidence. For example, studies of marketing in the European Union, which is generally seen as a single market, have shown that â€Å"national differences are more important than similarities when marketers are planning to approach the European consumers† (Yucelt, 2000, p. 59). These differences become even stronger in other contexts such as Asia. In particular, the response to television, radio, newspaper and magazine advertising has all been shown to be influenced by cultural factors, and all of these factors can have an influence on the strategies used by companies to market and advertise their products. Given the significant impact of these differences, it is hardly surprising that studies have looked to use cultural frameworks to analyse the impact of culture on marketing, with Hofstede’s (1980, p. 1) cultural values being one of the most widely used concepts. In particular, research by Murphy and Scharl (2007, p. 97) has shown that Hofstede’s dimensions of individualism and masculinity strongly related to how innovative products and the marketing and advertising of said products is received. This finding is specifically applied to the online setting, producing the argument that â€Å"in countries with strong cultural values of masculinity and collectivism, international business managers should consider paying homage to local domain names for web site and email addresses† in order to reach customers in that country more effectively (Murphy and Scharl, 2007, p. 97). This implies that not only is culture an important factor in marketing activities and advertising, but that specific cultural factors can have specific impacts on a given marketing campaign or advertising strategy. These specific impacts can be even more important in the case of multinational corporations and their subsidiaries. In particular, they raise the question of how multinational corporations and their subsidiaries should best market and advertise their offerings across a range of environmental contexts. The question that is often raised in the literature is how best for these companies to achieve their global vision, whilst also paying attention to cultural factors in the target market and remaining responsive to local environmental conditions. According to a study by Boojihawon et al (2007, p. 549) the majority of successful multinational companies tend to strike a balance between these two factors, attempting to create a sound global strategy whilst also using entrepreneurial behaviours and management practices to encourage local cultural responsibility in their subsidiaries and advertising strategies. Despite adhering to a unified theme in order to build a distinctive global brand identity, there were significant variations in how Nintendo launched the â€Å"Nintendo Wii† in 3 westernised yet, culturally different countries (Figure 1). The innovative segmentation, targeting and positioning strategies of Nintendo Wii, and the localised campaigns focusing on the most important attributes of the product in each country/culture, helped to make Wii the success it is today. Figure 1: Comparison of TV advertising launch of Nintendo Wii in USA, Japan & UK (2006) The importance of culture also pervades the development, management and advertising of a company or product’s brand image. Managing brand images in global markets is a major concern for businesses, who wish to avoid embarrassing incidents where their brand image turns out to be inappropriate or offensive in some cultural contexts. Wonderbra is only too aware of this (www. adsoftheworld. com). Every magazine that enters the United Arab Emirates is censored using black markers. Before Wonderbra launched into the UAE, they issued a strategic tongue-in-cheek press release depicting a woman wearing a blacked-out Wonderbra. They deliberately added large amounts of â€Å"marker† to the ad to cheekily communicate the increase in size when a lady wears their product. However, their advertising strategy backfired when the UAE advertising authorities blacked out the rest of the â€Å"naked skin† leaving only the face visible, thus totally diminishing any intended marketing message. Indeed, Roth’s (1995, p. 163) use of Hofstede’s (1980, p. ) dimensions indicates that both the power distance and individualism dimensions have strong impacts on the interpretation of sensory and novelty based brand image strategies. In other words, these two dimensions strongly impact on consumer responses to brand advertising strategies that are based on sensory stimuli and novelty value. This implies that managers marketing brands internationally and across different cultural contexts need to be aware of how their brands and advertising will be interpreted in these contexts, in order to maximise their marketing and advertising effectiveness. The impact of cultural factors can even be seen in the case of word of mouth advertising strategies, and customer referral programs. In particular, in recent years the role of cultural factors and cultural differences in the use of word of mouth as an advertising tool has become of increased importance. Whilst positive word of mouth tends to have a positive effect on customer service quality perceptions in all cultural environments, Schumann et al (2010, p. 8) showed that received word of mouth â€Å"has a stronger effect on the evaluation of customers in high uncertainty avoidance than in low uncertainty avoidance cultures†. This implies that even if companies are not engaging in direct advertising campaigns in a cross-cultural context, they still need to be aware of the impact that cultural factors can have on their general marketing and any word of mouth advertising or referral marketing strategies, and match these strategies to the target culture’s uncertainty avoidance level. â€Å"One World Culture† However, it is important to note that whilst national cultural factors and differences have a strong impact on the marketing and advertising of products in the contemporary environment, the increasing globalisation of the world economy is also having a strong impact on the cultural characteristics of people around the world. As global capitalism and communications become more advanced, so consumers around the world are becoming used to similar styles of marketing and advertising. This is acting to dissolve some of the cultural boundaries of advertising, and in ome areas creating a homogeneous global consumer culture (Cleveland and LaRoche, 2007, p. 249). Whilst this trend is still not dominant, and many individuals continue to define themselves by their cultural environment and heritage, there is a growing degree of variance in the extent to which other individuals do identify with these norms. In particular, younger people are increasingly defining themselves as global consumers and individuals, and hence feeling a greater affinity to the global community, with a lesser degree of attachment to their local and national cultures. This implies that not only do managers need to be aware of the different cultures that pervade the markets in which they operate, but they also need to be aware of the potential impact of this global culture on consumer responses to advertising and marketing strategies. Indeed, whilst the growth of this global consumer is a relatively new concept in marketing, it should be noted that globalisation has long been accepted as creating â€Å"global consumer segments that associate similar meanings with certain places, people, and things† (Duncan and Ramaprasad, 1995, p. 5). To date, these segments have largely been limited to specific consumer products and brands, such as Apple, Nike and Coca Cola. However, as these segments have grown, so they have also helped drive the emergence of global consumer cultures, and the growth of shared sets of consumption related symbols. These symbols are often brands, but can also be product categories, or even consumption activity. In 2009, Guinness launched their first ever global advertising campaign for â€Å"Arthur’s Day† (Figure 2). It was a â€Å"groundbreaking consumer promotion promoting annual ‘Arthur’s Day’ events on 24th September, being held around the world in cities including Dublin, New York, Lagos and Kuala Lumpur† (Saatchi & Saatchi EMEA, 2009). Guinness wants their global consumers to celebrate the consumption activity of drinking Guinness on the same day of the year, worldwide; thus trying to influence global culture and consumer behaviour. Figure 2: Arthur’s Day â€Å"Toast†, Jakarta, 2010 With the continuous growth of mass media, and the dominance of this media by a few large economies and cultures such as the United States (Walker, 1996, p. 42), these symbols have become ever more significant, and their impact on global culture has become ever more pronounced. This implies that marketers and advertisers need to be aware of the specific influence of culture across different product categories, and the potential cultural impacts of entering or leaving one of these categories. The growth of these shared meanings also has implications of marketing managers, who often find themselves competing in an increasingly competitive global marketplace, where competitors can come from a range of backgrounds, economies and cultures (Aaker, 1991, p. 46). As a result, marketers may need to develop new strategies for coping with the widespread changes in culture, particularly when the global culture changes in a way that is not conducive to their existing marketing strategies. According to Alden et al (1999, p. 75) such changes will require companies to adopt a strategy of â€Å"global consumer culture positioning†, whereby businesses not only position themselves in domestic markets and foreign markets, but also position themselves in the global market. This will obviously complicate marketing activities in the short term, with marketers forcing to tailor their advertising strategies to three distinct market segments, all of which may respond to brand messages and advertising in different ways. However, in the long term, marketers are likely to benefit from following such a strategy, as their positioning will be better able to move with shifts in the global market, and the various local markets in which they operate. As such, it can be seen that the impact of culture on contemporary marketing and advertising will not be static, but will rather be ever changing and hence will require marketers to anticipate and react to changes in the global cultural makeup. The potential for such changes to occur can be seen in a recent study of the use of soft sell advertising and hard sell advertising across different markets. According to most theoretical work on advertising and the prediction of global consumer culture theories, soft sell advertising should be more uniformly accepted across markets, whilst hard sell advertising should struggle in some cultural contexts such as the Far East, where confrontations are not culturally acceptable. However, the results of Okazaki’s (2010, p. 0) study into the use of soft selling and hard selling in the United States and Japan produced quite surprising results: â€Å"The results indicate somewhat more homogeneous acceptance of soft-sell appeals but, surprisingly, also show relatively homogeneous acceptance of hard-sell appeals across markets. These findings are suggestive of both types of appeals having the potential to be used as part of a GCCP across the United States and Japan and perhaps other markets† (Okazaki, 2010, p. 20). This implies that even two culturally dissimilar nations such as the US and Japan have developed similar responses to certain types of advertising. As such, marketers who had not kept abreast of these cultural and market developments could have found themselves left behind and unable to compete as the market moved on and left them behind. Conclusions In conclusion, it is clear that culture is pervasive in all marketing activities, and particularly in the case of advertising strategies. Not only does culture impact on how advertising and marketing is perceived in different countries and cultures, but it can also in turn be influenced by advertising and marketing strategies. In addition to this, the globalisation of marketing, advertising and business is causing the emergence of a global culture, which requires its own unique form of marketing and advertising. These different cultures are not remaining static, but are increasingly changing and developing over time, forcing advertisers to constantly renew and re-evaluate their advertising strategies. As such, the main impact on culture on marketing activities is that it prevents them from becoming static and consistent, and forces regular reviews and updates to ensure that the activities remain culturally relevant.

Living in a Fantasy Professor Ramos Blog

Living in a Fantasy For centuries, gender roles have played a major role in society. Women had very little to no say in anything. In the story â€Å"Woman Hollering Creek,† gender roles are put into play. Along with the fantasy of living the life of a telenovela in which the protagonist, Cleofilas, sets to base her decisions on, her husband Juan Pedro does not fail to live up to expectations. Much like in telenovelas, there is always that one character in which seems to cause the majority of the problems; this character very much resembles Juan. In the story, Juan assigns Cleofilas the role of the housewife which does not have any say in what can be done. Like the stereotype of the woman being the vulnerable one in the relationship, Cleofilas fits just that. Juan does not fall behind in being the abusive and macho type figure. Machismo would be a much better character trait that runs throughout the story. All these aspects fit perfectly, much like a puzzle into those of a telenovela. The notion o f fantasy land, machismo and gender roles greatly describes Cleofilas’ life.   Nothing good can ever come from living in a fantasy land. From living one’s life with false hope to leading someone to one of the most dangerous of situations. Cleofilas attempts to live the life of a telenovela protagonist. Just as in telenovelas, the protagonist seems to be constantly running into obstacles. In Cleofilas’ case, Juan seems to always cause her harm. Not only does he drag her away from her family, but leads her straight to danger. The abusive side that came to characterize Juan, was not a good sight for Cleofilas. Although a sort of happy ending does occur when Felice saves her and helps her get away from her abusive husband, nothing good ever comes from living in a fantasy land. In the beginning of the story, Cleofilas’ father, Don Serafin, expressed something very important to her. â€Å"I am your father. I will never abandon you† (Cisneros 43) he expressed. However it turned out to be that it was not the father that broke his promise of never abandoning her, rather it was Clefilas who fled the scene. After Cleofilas’ husband, Juan Pedro, seeked permission from her father to take her hand in marriage, they rapidly fled. Similar to those traits of today’s society, the man usually makes the decisions on behalf of him and his partner. After leaving her family behind, Cleofilas was forced to start a new life. Her telenovela fantasy did not seem totally out of reach anymore. As usual, the telenovelas seen on tv never forgot to include the story’s villain which nobody seemed to distinguish from everyone else. In Cleofilas’ fantasy, the villain was right in front of her. After bareing Juan Pedro’s son, Juan Pedrito, his personality took a sharp turn for the worst. Removing one’s self from one country to the next is never easy. Especially when one does not know the language of the country they are in. After finding work, Juan Pedro seemed to be a really hard working character but also started to become the abusive partner. After long hours of work, he came home tired and frustrated drinking away his what seemed to be depression, he found a new way to remove steam. Turning to Cleofilas, things quickly turned to the dark side as Juan swung away towards her. She did not make the slightest attempt to defend herself because of the fact she wanted to like in her telenovela fantasy. She never sees the person being abused defend herself, so she just let it come to her. The macho type charisma seemed to be taking over Juan. He resembles the stereotypical man of the household taking control of the situation no matter what others may think. Taking advantage of the vulnerable and defenceless Cleofil as, Juan was at control. â€Å"..he slapped her once, and then again, and again; until the lip split and bled an orchid of blood,she didnt fight back, she didn’t break into tears, she didnt run away as she imagined she might when she saw such things in the telenovelas† (Cisneros 47). Just as it seemed that Juan let his manliness take over, he quickly turned into the full of emotion man who turned to Cleofilas to apologize just after he beat her forcefully. This happened over and over and over.   What seems to be the welcoming of a second child, a doctor visit seems to be in order. The only thing that seemed to be getting in the way was the extreme bruising Cleofilas was suffering from the beatings inflicted by Juan. Juan did not let her go to a doctors visit due to the fear he had that someone might assume something due to her many bruises. Cleofilas had to beg and beg. â€Å"But please, at least for the doctors visit.† (Cisneros 53) It seemed as if Cleofilas was anxious and needy for this doctors visit. She made it appear as if she knew something was going to happen. This course of action taken by Cleofilas is really similar to the environment provided by Saudi Arabia. Women are not allowed to travel or even apply for a passport without the approval of their male guardian (â€Å"Saudi Arabia†¦..†). Women do not have an ounce of freedom. It was not until 1955 that a school for women was established and in 1970 that the first university for women was establ ished in Saudi Arabia (â€Å"Women’s Rights in Saudi†¦.†). Much like Saudi Arabian women, Cleofilas is not allowed to go anywhere without permission of Juan. In the story, Cleofilas does not only live in a roller coaster filled with its ups and downs but most likely came out with some life lessons. In a world filled with machismo, gender roles and attempting to live in the aspects of a fantasy, Cleofilas seems to maneuver just fine. â€Å"Woman Hollering Creek† has not only demonstrated the paths of many women but also adds a pint of Sandra Cisneros’ Mexican Culture. Cisneros, Sandra. Woman Hollering Creek. Bloomsbury, 2004. Deutsche Welle. â€Å"Womens Rights in Saudi Arabia: A Timeline: DW: 07.01.2019.† DW.COM, dw.com/en/womens-rights-in-saudi-arabia-a-timeline/g-40709135. â€Å"Saudi Arabia: 10 Reasons Why Women Flee.† Human Rights Watch, 30 Jan. 2019, www.hrw.org/news/2019/01/30/saudi-arabia-10-reasons-why-women-flee.

The Countries Involved in World War I

The Countries Involved in World War I The relevance of world in the term World War I  is often difficult to see, because books, articles, and documentaries generally concentrate on Europe and America; even the Middle East and Anzac forces (Australian and New Zealand) are often glossed over. The use of world isnt, as non-Europeans might suspect, the result of self-important bias toward the West, because a full list of the countries involved in WWI reveals a picture of global activity. Between 1914 and 1918, more than 100 countries from Africa, the Americas, Asia, Australasia,  and Europe were part of the conflict. Key Takeaways: Countries Involved in World War I Although most of the battles of World War I occurred in western Europe, many other countries were involved in the events.  Some, like Canada and the U.S., declared war, sent troops, and manufactured armaments.Other countries kept prisoner of war camps or sent infrastructure workers.  Many countries in Africa and Asia were colonies of the large empires and were coerced to help with the war effort.   How Involved Were Countries? The levels of  involvement differed hugely. Some countries mobilized millions of troops and fought hard for more than four years; some were used as reservoirs of goods and manpower by their colonial rulers, while others simply declared war later on and contributed only moral support. Many were drawn in by colonial links: When Britain, France, and Germany declared war, they also committed their empires, involving most of Africa, India, and Australasia, while the 1917 entry of the U.S. prompted much of central America to follow. Consequently, the countries in the following list didnt necessarily send troops, and few saw fighting on their own soil; they either declared war or were considered involved in the conflict, such as being invaded before they could declare anything. Its important to remember, though, that the effects of WWI went beyond this global list. Even countries that remained neutral felt the economic and political effects of a conflict that shattered the established global order. Africa In 1914, 90 percent of the continent of Africa were colonies of the European powers, with only Liberia and Ethiopia retaining independence, and so much of Africas participation was enforced or conscripted. All told, about two million Africans served as soldiers or laborers, and half that total was coercively recruited as carriers or other workers, used to build transportation and other infrastructure projects or perform auxiliary services. The only regions to remain neutral in Africa were Ethiopia and the four small Spanish colonies of Rio de Oro (Spanish Sahara), Rio Muni, Ifni, and Spanish Morocco. Colonies in Africa that were involved in some manner included: AlgeriaAngolaAnglo-Egyptian SudanBasutolandBechuanalandBelgian CongoBritish East Africa (Kenya)British Gold CoastBritish SomalilandCameroonCabindaEgyptEritreaFrench Equatorial AfricaGabonMiddle CongoUbangi-SchariFrench SomalilandFrench West AfricaDahomeyGuineaIvory CoastMauretaniaSenegalUpper Senegal and NigerThe GambiaGerman East AfricaItalian SomalilandLiberiaMadagascarMoroccoPortuguese East Africa (Mozambique)NigeriaNorthern RhodesiaNyasalandSierra LeoneSouth AfricaSouth West Africa (Namibia)Southern RhodesiaTogolandTripoliTunisiaUganda and Zanzibar Americas When they finally joined the war effort in 1917, the United States sent four million men to the Allies. As a dominion of the United Kingdom, Canada sent 400,000 enlisted men, and, like the United States, manufactured armaments, aircraft, and ships. Latin American governments seesawed between neutrality and entry into the war, and Brazil was the only independent South American country to declare war in WWI; it joined the Entente countries- Great Britain, France, and Russia- against Germany and Austria-Hungary in 1917. Other South American nations severed their relations with Germany but did not declare war: Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, and Uruguay, all in 1917. BahamasBarbadosBrazilBritish GuianaBritish HondurasCanadaCosta RicaCubaFalkland IslandsFrench GuianaGrenadaGuatemalaHaitiHondurasGuadeloupeJamaicaLeeward IslandsNewfoundlandNicaraguaPanamaSt. LuciaSt. VincentTrinidad and TobagoU.S.AWest Indies Asia Of all the Asian countries involved in World War I in some manner, India, a colony of the British Empire at the time, sent the most: 1.3 million troops and laborers went to the imperial war effort. China was officially neutral but provided about 200,000 laborers to the Allied forces to repair tanks. Japan sent 14 destroyers and a flagship cruiser to assist British ships in the Mediterranean Sea. Tiny Siam stayed neutral until mid-1917 and then sent about 1,500 men as pilots, aircraft mechanics, automobile drivers and mechanics, and medical and support staff. Regions in Asia contributing to the war effort were: AdenArabiaBahrainEl QatarKuwaitTrucial OmanBorneoCeylonChinaIndiaJapanPersiaPhilippinesRussiaSiamSingaporeTranscaucasiaTurkey Australasia and Pacific Islands The largest contributors to the war efforts were the large Australian Imperial Force (Australia still being a colony of England at the time), 330,000 soldiers sent to aid the Allies in the Middle East and Germany. Other contributing countries included: AntipodesAucklandAustral IslandsAustraliaBismarck ArchipelagoBountyCampbellCaroline IslandsChatham IslandsChristmasCook IslandsDucieElice IslandsFanningFlintFiji IslandsGilbert IslandsKermadec IslandsMacquarieMaldenMariana IslandsMarquesas IslandsMarshal IslandsNew GuineaNew CaledoniaNew HebridesNew ZealandNorfolkPalau IslandsPalmyraPaumoto IslandsPitcairnPhilippinesPhoenix IslandsSamoa IslandsSolomon IslandsTokelau IslandsTonga Europe Map of military alliances of Europe in 1914. historicair Most of the battles of World War I took place in Europe, and willingly or not, the people of most of the countries were somehow active in the conflict. For the Allies, 5.2 million British men served in the conflict, just under half of the available pool of men aged 18-51; 7.9 million French citizens were called to serve. A total of 13 million German citizens fought in the war between 1914 and 1918.  In the occupied territories, Germany and its allies also coerced civilians into labor: citizens from Italy, Albania, Montenegro, Serbia, Romania, and Russian Poland all had conscripts fighting or assisting with the Entente efforts. AlbaniaAustria-HungaryBelgiumBulgariaCzechoslovakiaEstoniaFinlandFranceGreat BritainGermanyGreeceItalyLatviaLithuaniaLuxembourgMaltaMontenegroPolandPortugalRomaniaRussiaSan MarinoSerbiaTurkey Atlantic Islands AscensionSandwich IslandsSouth GeorgiaSt. HelenaTristan da Cunha Indian Ocean Islands Andaman IslandsCocos IslandsMauritiusNicobar IslandsReunionSeychelles Sources Beauprà ©, Nicolas. France.  International Encylopedia of the First World War. Eds. Daniel, Ute, et al. Berlin: Freie Universitt Berlin, 2014. Web.Badsey, Stephen. Great Britain.  International Encylopedia of the First World War. Eds. Daniel, Ute, et al. Berlin: Freie Universitt Berlin, 2017. Web.Boissoneault, Lorraine. The Surprisingly Important Role China Played in WWI. World War I: 100 Years Later. Smithsonian.  2017. Web.Granatstein, J.L. Canada. International Encylopedia of the First World War. Eds. Daniel, Ute, et al. Berlin: Freie Universitt Berlin, 2018. Web.Johnston, Eric. Japans Little-Known, but Significant, Role in World War I. The Japan Times  (2017). Web.Koller, Christian. Colonial Military Participation in Europe (Africa). International Encylopedia of the First World War. Eds. Daniel, Ute, et al. Berlin: Freie Universitt Berlin, 2014. Web.Rinke, Stefan and Karina Kriegsmann. Latin America.  International Encylopedia of the First World War. Eds. Daniel, Ute, et al. Berlin: Freie Universitt Berlin, 2017. Web. Strahan, Hew. The First World War in Africa. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. Print.

Proposed European Union Financial Transaction Tax Essay

Proposed European Union Financial Transaction Tax - Essay Example The general population and normal business ventures were to remain unaffected (Vella, Fuest and Tim, 2011). The proposed tax was to be separate from normal bank charge that some regional administrations are in the process of levying on monetary institutions to help in shielding them from the fees of any potential bailouts. Research has revealed that the tax has the potential of gathering about 58 billion Euros per year. However, the member states of the European Union are still undecided on whether to agree to the proposal (Beck, 2011:73). Great Britain is one of the states that are vehemently opposing the discharge of the FTT. The England admin has highlighted numerous reasons sustaining their negative stand on the concern. This figure represented about 37% of the total overseas exchange appeal in the world. In London, the dollar trade is two times as big as in America. In addition, the Euro trade in the city is over twice the amount traded in the whole EU region (Benton 2003:54). T he United Kingdom’s fiscal services sector is the leading industry in England, having overtaken the production sector in the 1990s. Evidence of this presents itself in the fact that, in the 2009/2010 financial year, the British government raked in 53.4 billion pounds in tax proceeds from the industry. This amount amounted to 11% of the total collection in the country. This amount is significantly larger than the sum of the country’s annual military budget, and is nearly equivalent to the country’s education budget allocation (Stevis, 2012). The county’s monetary services sector represents about 28% of the country’s entire sum of service-related exports, with the banks leading the charge. Due to its status as the biggest financial force, in consideration with all other European Union members, the country stands to be the biggest loser from the introduction of the FTT tax law (Bijlisma, 2011:485). According to the United Kingdom administration, the i mposing of the FTT tax law will greatly affect the overall country’s interest, including destabilizing the economy, and influencing the growth of volatility rates in its markets. In addition, the tax will not bring in any substantial returns. The country has presented to the European Union filed reports detailing the numerous potential damages and adverse effects that the law, if made operational, would inflict on it (The Telegraph, 2012). The government is afraid that the law will discourage derivative trade, increase trading-center volatility, and drastically lessen its markets’ liquidity ratios. In addition, they argue that the tax will lead to higher rates of unemployment, increase the tendency to evade tax among citizens, and greatly deplete the current amount of available tax proceeds (House of Lords.). Research on the potential impacts of the proposed tax has shown that the tax will affect the long-term growth in the EU by 1.75 %. This percentage, when broken do wn, implies to a cost of about 25.55 billion pounds to the UK economy (Boyle, 2009:342). However, the figure is just an average, and analysts forecast that the total sum could be far much larger, considering the country’s uncommonly outsized fiscal sector. In addition, research on the matter reveals that the tax would influence a fall of derivative transactions amounting to about 90%. The country’